编辑: QQ215851406 | 2015-06-14 |
系统由区域数据共享、 预报预警、 信 息发布和应急联动等
4 个子系统构成, 采用自动质量控制检查、 多模式集合预报、 秸秆焚烧火点判定、 预警联动机制研究、 GIS 自动化处理和表达等关键技术.在上海世博会期间, 实时监控和预测了长三角区域空气质量状况和变化趋势, 发布了
5 次大气污染预警, 相应启动应急联动措施, 为跨行政区解决区域性空气污染提供了实践. 关键词: 空气质量;
预警联动;
多模式集合预报;
长三角区域;
上海世博会 中图分类号: X84 文献标识码: B 文章编号: 1006- 2009( 2011)
05 -
0068 -
06 Regional Air Quality Early Warning and Joint Action System in Yangtze River Delta for Shanghai Expo LU Tao ( Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre,Shanghai 200030,China) Abstract: The air quality early warning and action system in Yangtze River Delta was developed to guaran- tee air quality during the World Expo
2010 Shanghai China. The system was composed of four subsystems inclu- ding sharing,regional air quality data air quality forecast and early warning,information publication as well as e- mergency action. The key functions,including automatic QC check,multi- model ensemble air quality forecast system,fire point decision of straw burning,research for early warning action mechanism and GIS automatic ex- press,had been introduced. During Shanghai Expo,the system had monitored the real- time air quality in Yan- gtze River Delta and forecasted the changes of air quality in the next several days scientifically. Five times of suc- cessful forecasting and actions on pollution days effectively reduced the pollution level during the short term with- in
48 hours,which provided the technical basis for air quality guarantee of Shanghai Expo. The implementation of this system also provided a useful practice to solve regional air pollution problems. Key words: Air quality;
Early warning and joint action;
Multi- model ensemble forecast;
Yangtze River Delta;
Shanghai Expo 收稿日期:
2011 -
06 - 30;
修订日期:
2011 -
08 -
04 基金项目: 上海市环保科研项目基金资助项目( 沪环科
2010 - 03) 作者简介: 陆涛( 1974―) , 男, 河南永城人, 工程师, 硕士, 从事 环境监测与信息技术、 大气污染研究工作. 长江三角洲地区是我国经济总量规模最大, 经 济发展速度最快, 最具发展潜力的经济圈, 同时人 口密集、 能源消耗和污染排放强度高、 区域性复合 型大气污染较为突出 [1 -
3 ] .上海自身排放的大气 污染物在影响该区域环境的同时, 其空气质量也受 区域污染源的影响 [3 -
5 ] .在当前区域复合型大气 污染十分突出的环境条件下 [5 ] , 为了确保上海世 博会环境空气质量优良, 除通过自身努力实施一系 列保障措施外, 有必要开展区域联合行动. 由上海市环保局牵头, 组织江浙沪
9 个重点城 市的环境监测部门, 率先开展了长三角区域空气质 量联动监测, 在此基础上开发了上海世博会长三角 区域空气质量预警联动系统, 实现了监测数据和信 息共享.上海世博会期间, 长三角区域空气质量联 动系统详实、 动态地反映了上海及周边地区空气质 ―