PDF《CH4 和N2O 的辐射强迫与全球增温潜能》

第37 卷第

3 期2013 年5月大气科学Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.

37, No.

3 May

2013 ? 张华,张若玉,何金海,等. 2013. CH4 和N2O 的辐射强迫与全球增温潜能 [J]. 大气科学,

37 (3): 745C754, doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.12013. Zhang Hua, Zhang Ruoyu, He Jinhai, et al. 2013. Radiative forcing and global warming potentials of CH4 and N2O [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese),

37 (3): 745C754. CH4 和N2O 的辐射强迫与全球增温潜能 张华

1 张若玉 1,

2 何金海

2 吴金秀

3 1 中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,国家气候中心,北京

100081 2 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京

210044 3 上海市气象信息传媒中心,上海

200030 摘要CH4 和N2O 作为主要温室气体,自工业革命以来排放量急剧增加,已经被列入《京都议定书》要求控制 它们的排放.本文利用高光谱分辨率的辐射传输模式,计算了 CH

4、N2O 在晴空大气和有云大气条件下的瞬时辐 射效率和平流层调整的辐射效率,以及它们的全球增温潜能(GWP)和全球温变潜能(GTP) ,并根据模式结果 拟合了 CH4 和N2O 的辐射强迫的简单计算公式.本文的研究表明:CH4 和N2O 在有云大气下的平流层调整的辐射 效率分别为 4.142*10C4 W mC2 ppbC1 和3.125*10C3 W mC2 ppbC1 (1ppb=10C9 ),经大气寿命调整后的辐射效率分别为 3.732*10C4 W mC2 ppbC1 和2.987*10C3 W mC2 ppbC1 ,与IPCC(2007)的相应结果高度一致.CH4 和N2O

100 年的全 球增温潜能 GWP 分别为

16 和266;

100 年的脉冲排放的全球温变潜能 GTPP 分别为 0.24 和233;

持续排放的全球温 变潜能 GTPS 分别为

18 和268.它们在未来全球变暖和气候变化中,影响仅次于 CO2,仍然起着非常关键的作用. 关键词 CH4 N2O 辐射效率 全球增温潜能(GWP) 全球温变潜能(GTP) 文章编号 1006C9895(2013)03C0745C10 中图分类号 P422 文献标识码 A doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.12013 Radiative Forcing and Global Warming Potentials of CH4 and N2O ZHANG Hua1 , ZHANG Ruoyu1,

2 , HE Jinhai2 , and WU Jinxiu3

1 Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing

100081 2 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing

210044 3 Shanghai Weather Information Media Center, Shanghai

200030 Abstract As the main long-lived greenhouse gases, CH4 and N2O are included in the Kyoto Protocol, and countries are required to limit the rapid increase in their emissions since the Industrial Revolution. In this work, a radiative transfer model with a high resolution of

998 bands is used to calculate the instantaneous radiative efficiencies, stratospheric- adjusted radiative efficiencies, and lifetime-adjusted radiative efficiencies of CH4 and N2O for clear and cloudy skies, as well as their global warming potentials (GWPs) and global temperature potentials (GTPs). Simple fitting formulas for calculating the adjusted radiative forcing due to CH4 and N2O are given on the basis of the model results in this work. It is shown that the radiative efficiencies of CH4 and N2O for cloudy skies are 4.142*10?4 W m?2 ppb?1 (1ppb=10C9 ) and 3.125*10?3 W m?2 ppb?1 after stratospheric adjustment, and 3.732*10?4 W m?2 ppb?1 and 2.987*10?3 W m?2 ppb?1 , respectively, after lifetime adjustment, which are highly consistent with those of the IPCC (2007). Moreover, the 100-year GWPs of CH4 and N2O are

16 and 266, respectively, and their corresponding 100-year GTPs are