PDF《Abstract》

3000 ? Clay for building 30,000 ? Feldspar (last production data 1993) - (100) Gypsum 11,000 ? Hydrated lime 16,103 * Kaolin

200 ? Limestone 412,238 * Magnetite

1000 ? Pyrite (for H2SO4 production) 70,000 ? Quick lime 145,102 * Sand &

gravel 200,000 ? Talc

80 ? NB *

1996 figures (Dolley &

Coakley, 1996) , ?

1998 figures (Ministry of Mines &

Minerals Development, 1999), ?

1999 estimate The Geology of Zambia The geology of Zambia has largely been shaped by the surrounding cratonic blocks of Kasai (DR Congo), Tanzania, Zimbabwe and Kaapvaal (South Africa). A simplified geological succession of Zambia (after Money,

1986 and Bosse, 1996) is given in Appendix A. The oldest rock sequences in Zambia, the Basement Supergroup (the oldest being 3000Ma, but typically most are younger than 2050Ma), occur throughout eastern, central and southern Zambia. These consist mostly of granitic gneisses and migmatites, with marbles, quartzites and meta-pelites. The overlying Muva Supergroup (1800 C

1250 Ma) consists of a meta-sedimentary sequence that lies unconformably over the Basement. In central and eastern Zambia the Muva consists of meta- pelites and meta-quartzites, whereas in northern Zambia it consists of ?continental? sediments such as sandstones, quartzites, mudstones and conglomerates. The Katanga Supergroup (1000 C 500Ma) unconformably overlies both the Basement and Muva sequences and occurs throughout the Copperbelt, north- western, northern and central Zambia. The Katanga consists mainly of sedimentary sequences, such as the Mine Series Group that hosts most of the copper-cobalt mineralisation of the Copperbelt within mudstones, sandstones, conglomerates and carbonates. The rocks of the Karoo Supergroup (late Carboniferous to Jurassic) occupy the rift troughs of the Zambezi, Luangwa, Luano-Lukusashi and Kafue valleys, and also outcrop in western Zambia. These consist of conglomerates, sandstones, carbonaceous siltstones and mudstones. The Batoka basalts occur in western Zambia and the Zambezi valley (forming Victoria Falls). Aeolian sands of the Kalahari Group (Tertiary) cover much of western Zambia. INDUSTRIAL MINERALS OF ZAMBIA Feldspar Feldspar occurs in pegmatites hosted within the grantitic gneisses and schists of the basement. Pegmatite groups occur extensively within the basement of Central Province (e.g. Serenje, Mkushi and Mita Hills areas) oriented roughly parallel to the regional north easterly strike. Several have been worked recently for use in glass and ceramics production. Feldspar-bearing pegmatites have also been recorded in Northern (Shiwa N-gandu), Eastern (Lundazi) and Southern (Mazabuka and Siavonga) provinces (Table 2). The Shipungu pegmatite occurs in Central Province (7km south of Kapiri Mposhi) and has been developed to supply feldspar for glass production at Kapiri Glass Product........