PDF《（初中学段英语学科）》

用于乐器前面;

用于姓氏的复数前,表示 一家人 或 夫妇 ;

用于序数词和形容词、副词的比较级和最高级前. 3.零冠词的用法 名词前有 this/my/whose/some/no/each/every 等限制词;

季节、 月份、 星期、节假日、一日三餐前;

学科、语言、球类、棋类名词前;

与by 连用表示交通工具的名词前. 考点・词汇辨析 1. be used to, use to do 和be used to doing 的区别 (1)used to do 表示 过去常常做某事 I used to play football after school.过去我常常在放学后踢足球. (2)be used to do 表示 被用来做某事 This knife can be used to cut things.这把刀能够被用于切东西. (3)be used to + doing 表示 习惯于…… ,to 是介词,后需加 名词或动名词. He is used to living in the country now.他现在习惯了住在农村. 2. spend, take, pay, cost 的区别 (1)spend 的主语通常是人 ,往往用于句型(sb.) spend some money/some time on sth. / (in) doing sth.如: He spent three days on the work. = He spent three days (in) doing the work. (2)take 常用于 占用、花费 时间,其主语通常为形式主语 it 或物. 句式是: It takes / took sb. some time to do sth = Sth. take(s) / took sb. some time. 如: 学员专用,请勿外泄 QQ 群:464879266 关注微信 ln-jszgks 赢好礼! 回复 冲刺 预测报 估分 冲刺活动为你准备! It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. The work took me two days. (3) pay 为 付款、 赔偿 之意, 主语通常是人, 往往是 sb. pay some money for sth.或pay sb. (some money for sth).如: He has paid the doctor

50 pounds for the medicine. How much did you pay him? (4)cost 的主语必须是某物.句型是 sth. cost (sb.) some money. 如: The dictionary cost me ? 20. 3. rise, arise, raise, arouse 的区别 rise, arise 是不及物动词;

raise, arouse 是及物动词. (1)rise (rose, risen) vi. 上升,升起,升高;

上涨 说明主语自身移向较高位置,常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、蒸汽、 温度、物价等,无被动语态.如: The moon has risen above the hills. 月亮已经从山上升起. (2)arise (arose, arisen) vi.(问题,困难等)出现;

发生,产生;

主语一般为抽象名词,如problem, trouble, quarrel, difficulty, misunderstanding, disagreement.常用短语:arise from / out of sth.由…… 引起;

因……产生.如: They are talking about problems arising out of the lack of communication. 他们正在谈论由于缺乏交流而产生的问题. (3)raise vt. 招募;

养育,栽培;

提高;

举起;

说明主语发出的动 作是要作用于其他事物的,往往有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义.可 用于被动语态.如: 招募:to raise an army 养育、栽培:to raise a child 提高工资、租金:raise salaries/ the rent 学员专用,请勿外泄 QQ 群:464879266 关注微信 ln-jszgks 赢好礼! 回复 冲刺 预测报 估分 冲刺活动为你准备! 举起手:raise one'

s hand 提出问题:raise a question (4)arouse 意为 激起,唤醒;

使……奋发 ,可用于被动语态. 如: He was aroused from his sleep by the doorbell. 门铃声把他从睡眠中 唤醒. 考点・定语从句 定语从句起了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词.被修饰 的词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,它的作用:一是放在先 行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用;

二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与 先行词保持数的一致. 1.关系代词的用法 (1)作主语用 who, which 和that,如: a. He is the man who / that lives next door. b. The train which / that has just left is for Shenzhen. (2)作宾语用 whom, who, which, that,如: a. The man (whom / who / that) we have just seen is a famous writer. b. Where is the book (which / that) I bought last week? (3)作定语用 whose,如: a. He is the man whose car was stolen last week. b. It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注: whose +名词中心词 这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语(如上a句),又能作宾语(如上 b 句).whose 的先行词常用来指人,但 有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念,这时可以与 of which 结构互 换,词序是: 名词+of which ,如: They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. (= the back wall of which) 学员专用,请勿外泄 QQ 群:464879266 关注微信 ln-jszgks 赢好礼! 回复 冲刺 预测报 估分 冲刺活动为你准备! He'