PDF《阿泰克的石墨制品》

阿泰克的石墨制品 Specialty Graphite Made By Chengdu Artech 成都阿泰克特种石墨有限公司 Chengdu Artech Specialty Graphite Co.

, Ltd 公司简介 成都阿泰克特种石墨有限公司成立于

2002 年,是一家专门从事碳石墨加工的公司.我们的经营理念是清晰的,即无论是 现在还是未来我们都一如既往地专注于碳石墨产品的加工制造,为以下关键工业领域的客户提供可靠的高品质的碳石墨产 品. - 光伏,电子及半导体 - 高温及真空电炉 - 传统工业(如有色冶金,模具制造,玻璃石英,( 玻)光纤,电解(镀),水泥,人造金刚石工具等) - 汽车及机械领域(如制造机械密封,真空泵及压缩机等) - 电气工程用碳石墨(如电机用碳刷,机车的接地装置以及受电弓用碳滑板等) 阿泰克公司已取得了 ISO 9001:2008 质量认证. Company Pro?le Founded in 2002, Chengdu Artech Specialty Graphite Co., Ltd. is sole focused business, now and future in machining and supplying of reliable and quali?ed carbon and graphite items. We are totally committed to the development of carbon and graphite products to support key market development in following industrial ?elds which is our clear vision and philosophy. -Photovoltaic, Electronics and Semi-conductor -High Temperature and Electrical Vacuum Furnaces -Conventional Industries (e.g. manufacturing of non-ferrous metals, molds, glass and quartz, optical and glass ?ber, electrolysis and electroplating, cement and arti?cial diamond tools etc.) -Automobile and Mechanical Applications (e.g. Manufacturing of mechanical seals, vacuum pumps and compressors etc.) -Electrical Carbon (e.g. Making and supplying of carbon brushes for motors, grounding devices for rolling stocks and carbon current collectors for the pantographs etc.) Artech are certi?ed with ISO 9001:2008.

2 3 为何要选用石墨制品? Why Choosing Graphite ? 石墨以下所列优异的材料性能决定了它在各个工业领域中所起的不可或缺的重要作用.石墨的优异性能主要表现有 To have following outstanding properties which made graphite as an indispensable key material been widely used in so many different industries, which could be listed as below: - 很高的热稳定性 /High thermal stability - 良好的导电性 /Good electrical conductivity - 良好的导热性 /High thermal conductivity - 很好的耐热冲击性 /High resistance to thermal shock - 很好的耐化学腐蚀性 /High resistance to corrosion - 高纯度 /High purity - 低浸润性 /Low wettability - 良好的机械强度 /High mechanical strength - 良好的自润滑性 /Good sliding properties 石墨的优异性能 Outstanding Properties of Graphite 密度 / Density 石墨单晶的理论密度是 2.26 g/cm

3 , 通常人造石墨的密度都 在1.50-1.90 g/cm

3 之间,固体热解碳的密度可达 2.1 g/cm

3 . 纯石墨的密度值是其质量除以其体积(含所有的气孔)所 得的商. The theoretical density of monocrystalline graphite is 2.26 g/cm

3 . The density of arti?cial graphite is typically 1.5 up to 1.9 g/cm

3 and 2.1 g/cm

3 for solid pyrolytic carbon. The density of the highly pure graphite grades is de?ned as quotient between mass and volume including all pores. 开口气孔率 / Open Porosity 开口气孔率是石墨整体的组成部分,可用液体填充 ( 如浸 渍沥青,树脂或是熔融的金属等).其定义可按 DIN

51918 标准所述. The open porosity is that part of the whole volume which can be ?lled with liquid (e.g. impregnated with pitch, resin or melted metals). It is determined according to DIN 51918. 可加工性 / Machinability 石墨容易加工,其边缘强度和耐磨性好.结构复杂,公差 要求严的部件都可以通过精加工获得. Graphite can be machined easily, edge strength and abrasion resistance are high. Complicated parts with close tolerances can be machined with precision. 浸润性 / Wettability 石墨不会被熔融的玻璃或是大多数熔融的金属浸润. Graphite is not wetted by molten glass or by most molten metals. 耐温性 / Temperature Resistance 石墨不会被熔化,但在

3900 K ( 约3627 摄氏度)时会升华. 在空气中,石墨能耐温至

750 K(约477 摄氏度 ), 高于这个 温度石墨会被氧化,故在高温下,石墨应在真空或是有保 护性的气氛中使用. Graphite does not melt but sublimes at about

3900 K (around 3627℃ ). In air graphite is resistant to temperature up to about

750 K (around 477℃), it could be oxidized over this temperature, so graphite should be used either in vacuum or with protective gases under high temperature. 耐温变 / Resistance to Temperature Change 石墨具有非常好的耐热冲击性能.故快速地加热或是冷却 石墨没有问题. Graphite is extremely resistant to thermal shock, so rapid heating or cooling is not a problem. 石墨的优异性能 Outstanding Properties of Graphite 机械强度 /Mechanical Strength 不同于其它大多数的材料,石墨的抗张,抗折和抗压强度会 随着温度的升高而增加, 当达到

2700 K ( 约2427 摄氏度) 之后, 其强度会下降. 在2700 K时, 石墨的强度值较室温时要高一倍. ( 见

图表 1) Unlike most materials, the tensile, compressive and ?exural strength of graphite increases as temperature increases to

2700 K (around

2427 ℃ ) and above this temperature, strength falls. At

2700 K , graphite has about double the strength which it has at room temperature. (see diagram 1) 电阻 /Electrical Resistance 同其它金属不同,石墨电阻的温度系数是负数.石墨具有良 好的导电性,接近绝对零度时,石墨只有少数几个自由电子 充当绝缘体,随着温度的上升,石墨的导电性会增加.(见

图表 2) The temperature coef?cient of electrical resistance of graphite is negative, unlike that of metals. Graphite has good electrical conductivity. Near absolute zero, graphite has only a few free electrons and acts as an insulator. As temperature rises, electrical conductivity increases.(see diagram 2) 导热性 /Thermal Conductivity 石墨的导热性较许多金属要好且其导热性会随着温度的升高 而下降.石墨的导热性随着石墨石墨化程度的不同而有所不 同.( 见

图表 3) The thermal conductivity of graphite is higher than that of many metals and falls with increasing of temperature. The thermal conductivity of graphite varies with the degree of graphitization. (see diagram 3) 热膨胀 /Thermal Expansion 石墨的热膨胀系数在 3x10 -6 K -1 级别,因此它只相当于铁的四 分之一.热膨胀系数随石墨牌号的不同而不同,也与其材料 的各向异性和温度有关.( 见

图表 4) The coef?cient of thermal expansion is in the order of 3x10 -6 K -1 and is, therefore, only about one quarter that of iron. It varies from grade to grade and is dependent on the anisotropic property of the material and the temperature. (see diagram 4) 比热 /Speci?c Heat 不同牌号的石墨其比热变化很小.( 见

图表 5) Graphite grades differ only little in their speci?c heat. (see diagram 5)

4 机械强度 /Mechanical Strength 电阻 /Electrical Resistance 温度 K 温度 K 温度 K 温度 K 温度 K 导热性 /Thermal Conductivity 热膨胀 /Thermal Expansion 比热 /Speci?c Heat 热解碳涂层 /Pyrolytic Carbon Coating (PyC) 在石墨基料的表面作热解碳或是热解石墨的涂层是在高温, 高压通入碳氢化合物(如甲烷或乙炔)的气氛中,用化学气 相沉积的方法获得的 . A pyrolytic carbon or graphite coating on a graphite substrate is produced at high temperature and pressure in a hydrocarbon atmosphere (e.g. methane or acetylene) using the CVD process. 热解碳的特点 /Properties of PyC - 高密度 /High Density - 无气孔 /No Porosity - 高度各向异性 /High Anisotropy - 平面光滑 /Smooth Surface 纯度 /Purity 不同的用途对石墨灰分的要求会有所不同.石墨的灰度可被纯化至 20-30 ppm ( 对石墨坯料而言 ) 或是小于

5 ppm (只针对 加工好的成品) Purity of graphite can be varied on different applications. Graphite can be puri?ed to 20-30 ppm (in block) or less than

5 ppm for the ?nished items. 纯化后石墨中微量元素的含量如下表 /Typical Analysis of Element Concentration After Puri?ed (in ppm)

5 石墨的灰分含量 Ash Content of Graphite AL B Ca Co Cr Cu Fe K Mg

500 ppm 10-20 5-10 30-50 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.3 1-2 10-30 1-2 1-5

30 ppm 0.1

1 1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5

1 0.15

5 ppm 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02

1 0.01 石墨的灰分含量 Ash Content of Graphite Mn Na Ni P S Si Ti V Zn

500 ppm 0.1-0.3 1-5 1-3 10-20 30-50 10-20 10-20 ........