PDF《on a PanaMax Class Container Vessel》

Measurement of Gaseous Emissions from the Boiler Operating on a PanaMax Class Container Vessel Final Report (April, 2009) Contract # 05-412 Prepared for: California Air Resources Board

1001 I Street, Sacramento, CA

95814 Authors: Dr.

J. W. Miller Mr. Harshit Agrawal Mr. Bill Welch University of California, Riverside College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology Riverside, CA

92521 Disclaimer This report was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and as such does not necessarily represent the views of CARB or its employees. CARB, its employees, contractors and subcontractors make no warrant, express or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this report;

nor does any party represent that the uses of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. This report has neither been approved nor disapproved by CARB and CARB has not passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this report. Acknowledgements The authors express appreciation to the following associates who contributed much to the success of the project and the furtherance of knowledge of emissions from ocean going vessels operating in waters near California. We very much appreciated the financial support of the CARB throughout the project, their help in planning the test work and the assistance of the shipping company and the helping hands on the vessel for enabling these measurements to be integrated into their busy operating schedule. California Air Resources Board ? Ms. Peggy Taricco ? Ms. Bonnie Soriano ? Mr. Paul Milkey

1 Introduction The auxiliary boilers on diesel driven ships are used for supplying steam and hot water for non-propulsion uses such as fuel heating, galley, cabin space heating, and to drive steam turbines on tankers that offload petroleum crude oil in port. Boilers are a significant source of gaseous emissions, mostly at dockside or close to shore, and can be comparable to the SOx emissions from auxiliary engines, as shown in Table

11 . There is a lack of existing in-use emissions data from the boilers on ocean going vessels. This study helps to address this by presenting the gaseous emissions from the boiler on a modern container vessel. Table 1: Projected Emissions from Different Engines on an Ocean-going Vessel

2010 Uncontrolled Emissions (tons/day) Ship Emissions Source NOx SOx Main Engines

130 76 Auxiliary Engines

55 35 Auxiliary Boilers 3.3

26 Source: ARB Emissions Inventory. Emissions within 24nm of coastline. Assumes all auxiliary boilers use heavy fuel oil at 2.5% sulfur and there are no boiler emissions during transiting.

2 Test Method The boiler operation data is provided in Table 2. The boiler was SAACKE-ESV2 type. The concentrations of gases in the raw exhaust were measured with a Horiba PG-250 portable multi-gas analyzer. The PG-250 can simultaneously measure up to five separate gas components using the measurement methods recommended by the EPA. The calibration sheets for the measurements are provided in Appendix A of this report. Table 2: Boiler Operation Data Steam p (Bar) 8.1 Steam T (?C) 181.2 Engine Room T (?C) 25.4 Outside T (?C) 17.5 Engine Room p (Mbar)

2 Fuel Consumption (l/hr)

160 3 Results The emission factors of the boiler on the PanaMax Class container vessel are presented in Table 3. The NOx and CO emission factors were calculated based on the measured concentrations of the pollutants. The sulfur dioxide emission factor was calculated from the sulfur content in the fuel and the fuel consumption. The fuel analysis sheet is attached