PDF《计及电池寿命和经济运行的微电网储能容量优化》

第41 卷第10 期:3256-3265 高电压技术 Vol.

41, No.10: 3256-3265

2015 年10 月31 日High Voltage Engineering October 31,

2015 DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.2015.10.010 计及电池寿命和经济运行的微电网储能容量优化 肖浩,裴玮,杨艳红,齐智平,孔力(中国科学院电工研究所,北京 100190) 摘要: 针对微电网系统中储能容量优化配置问题, 为保证规划储能容量对于系统未来运行具有更好的适应能力, 在规划阶段详细考虑了含储能微电网的经济优化运行,并量化评估了运行中的储能寿命损耗,提出了一种同时计 及系统经济运行和电池寿命的微电网储能容量双层优化模型,针对模型中运行变量与规划变量混合,且求解时微 电网期望运行成本与储能容量呈现出难以解析的 黑箱 特性,提出了一种网格自适应直接搜索算法与改进粒子 群算法相结合的两阶段模型迭代求解策略,通过多种场景的对比分析,结果表明:所提出的储能容量优化配置方 案在保障系统运行经济性的同时,有效避免了储能的深度充放电,延长了储能使用寿命,具有更好的整体经济效 益;

两阶段求解方法也有效降低了模型的计算规模和求解难度,计算效率更高.仿真结果证明了模型和求解方法 的有效性,可为微电网系统储能容量的配置提供一定的参考. 关键词:微电网;

储能;

容量优化;

经济运行;

电池寿命;

网格自适应直接搜索 Energy Storage Capacity Optimization for Microgrid Considering Battery Life and Economic Operation XIAO Hao, PEI Wei, YANG Yanhong, QI Zhiping, KONG Li (Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China) Abstract:In view of optimization of the microgrid energy storage system (ESS) capacity allocation, in order to ensure that the planned storage capacity has a better adaptive ability for future system operation, the optimal economic operation of microgrid with energy storage is considered, and the battery life loss in microgrid operation is also evaluated quantita- tively. Then an optimization model of double-layer energy storage capacity which takes both the battery life and operational economy of microgrid into account is proposed. Since there are both operation variables and planning va- riables in the model, and it is difficult to mathematically describe the relationship between operating costs and energy storage capacity, a two-stage solving strategy based on MADS (Mesh Adaptive Direct Search) black box optimization al- gorithm and improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO) is presented to solve the problem. Comparison in various operational scenes shows that the proposed storage capacity allocation scheme can prevent the ESS from in-depth charging or discharging and extend the battery life of ESS while ensuring the economical operation of microgrid, there- fore has a higher overall economic efficiency. The two-stage solving strategy effectively reduces the computational scale and solving difficulties, and the computational efficiency is greatly improved. The simulation results prove the validity of the model and the solving method, and provide an important reference for the microgrid energy storage capacity configu- ration. Key words:microgrid;

energy storage;

capacity optimization;

economic operation;

battery life;

mesh adaptive direct search

0 引言1 微电网是可再生能源高效管理和综合利用的 有效技术手段 [1-3] . 储能作为微电网中重要的组成部 ――――――― 基金资助项目:国家科技部中丹合作项目(2014DFG72620);