PDF《LILIACEAE》

Flora of China 24: 73C263.

2000. LILIACEAE 百合科 bai he ke Chen Xinqi (陈心启 Chen Sing-chi)1 , Liang Songyun (梁松筠 Liang Song-jun)2 , Xu Jiemei (许介眉)3 ;

Minoru N. Tamura4 Herbs perennial, with a rhizome, bulb, or corm, rarely shrubby or treelike. Leaves basal and/or cauline, alternate, opposite, or whorled, parallel or rarely reticulate veined. Inflorescence a raceme, panicle, spike, umbel, reduced panicle, or other, or flowers soli- tary. Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic;

bracts present or absent;

bracteoles present or absent. Perianth usually corollalike, 6-merous, rarely 4- or 8-merous, in

2 whorls;

segments free (tepals) or united. Stamens 6, rarely 3, 4, or 8, inserted opposite perianth segments;

filaments free or adnate to perianth, rarely connate into a corona;

anthers usually 2-loculed, basifixed or dorsifixed and versatile, introrse, latrorse, or extrorse, dehiscing usually by vertical slits. Carpels usually connate for most or all of their length, rarely only at base;

ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior, 3-loculed, rarely 2- or 4-loculed, with axile pla- centae, or rarely 1-loculed with a parietal placenta;

ovules usually anatropous. Nectaries septal, perigonal, or absent. Fruit a capsule or berry. Seeds with abundant endosperm and small embryo. About

250 genera and

3500 species: worldwide, especially in temperate and subtropical regions;

57 genera (three endemic, two introduced) and

726 species (379 endemic,

11 introduced) in China. The circumscription adopted here for Liliaceae sensu lato follows FRPS and is not supported by current phylogenetic analysis of the group. However, the genus order has been adjusted to reflect the more recent classification of Kubitzki (Fam. Gen. Vasc. Pl. 3, 1998), who placed the genera in segregate families as follows: Alliaceae: Allium, Milula;

Anemarrhenaceae: Anemarrhena;

Anthericaceae: Chlorophytum, Diuranthera;

Asparagaceae: Asparagus;

Asphodelaceae: Aloe, Eremurus;

Calochortaceae: Streptopus, Tricyrtis;

Colchicaceae: Disporum, Gloriosa, Iphigenia;

Convallariaceae: Aspidistra, Campylandra, Convallaria, Disporopsis, Heteropolygonatum, Liriope, Maianthemum, Ophiopogon, Peliosanthes, Poly- gonatum, Reineckea, Rohdea, Speirantha, Theropogon, Tupistra;

Dracaenaceae: Dracaena;

Hemerocallidaceae: Dianella, Hemerocallis;

Hostaceae: Hosta;

Hyacinthaceae: Barnardia;

Liliaceae: Cardiocrinum, Clintonia, Erythronium, Fritillaria, Gagea, Lilium, Lloydia, Nomocharis, Notholirion, Tulipa;

Lomandraceae: Cordyline, Thysanotus;

Melanthiaceae: Chionographis, Heloniopsis, Veratrum, Ypsilandra, Zigadenus;

Nartheciaceae: Aletris, Petrosavia, Tofieldia;

Smilacaceae: Heterosmilax,Smilax;

Trilliaceae: Paris, Trillium. The Liliaceae contain many members of economic importance. Notable among them are some species of Allium, Aloe, Fritillaria, Hemerocallis, Lilium, and Tulipa. The genera Ornithogalum Linnaeus, Ruscus Linnaeus, Sansevieria Thunberg, and Yucca Linnaeus are represented in China by introduced, cultivated ornamentals. They were treated in FRPS but are not described in this account. Wang Fa-tsuan &

Tang Tsin, eds. 1978;

1980. Liliaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 1C280;

14: 1C308. 1a. Herbs saprophytic, without green leaves 2. Petrosavia 1b. Plants autotrophic, with green leaves. 2a. Plants cormous or bulbiferous. 3a. Plants cormous. 4a. Perianth segments 7C10 * ca.

1 mm, straight;

leaves straight at apex 26. Iphigenia 4b. Perianth segments 45C50 * ca.