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"江苏建康职业学院生理学选择题:尿的生成和排出",,

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"说明:","1.请在B3中输入想要题号,既可以跳转. ,"2.启动本程序时请点"启用宏",如没有选择,请在工具菜单,宏,安全性中设置为中. ,,

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"序号","题型","题号","题目","选择1","选择2","选择3","选择4","选择5","标准答案" "1","1","1","人体最主要的排泄器官是:","消化道","皮肤","呼吸道","肾","肛门","4" "2","1","2","原尿的成分:","比血浆多葡萄糖","比血浆少蛋白质","比终尿少葡萄糖","比血浆少葡萄糖","比血浆多蛋白质","2" "3","1","3","肾小球滤过率是指:","单位时间内每肾生成的原尿量","单位时间内每肾生成的终尿量","单位时间内两肾生成的原尿量","单位时间内两肾生成的终尿量","每小时内肾脏滤过的尿量","3" "4","1","4","肾小球滤过膜可滤过的物质分子量一般不超过:","7000","70000","17000","1700","20000","2" "5","1","5","正常情况下,在近端小管,全部被重吸收的是","葡萄糖、氨基酸","肌酐","尿素","氨","水","1" "6","1","6","与肾小球滤过无关的因素是:","肾血流量","肾小球滤过膜","血浆晶体渗透压","血浆胶体渗透压","肾小球毛细血管血压","3" "7","1","7","肾小球滤过的动力是:","入球小动脉血压","有效滤过压","出球小动脉血压","肾动脉血压","血浆胶体渗透压","2" "8","1","8","下列情况中肾小球滤过率基本保持不变的是:","血浆胶体渗透压降低","滤过膜的有效面积减小","动脉血压在80~180mmHg变动","肾小囊内压升高","肾小球滤过膜的通透性下降","3" "9","1","9","各段肾小管对Na+的重吸收率,最大的是:","近球小管","远曲小管","髓袢升支","髓袢降支","集合管","2" "10","1","10","当肾小管泌H+增多时可引起:","泌K+增加、泌NH3减少","泌K+增加、泌NH3增加","泌K+减少、泌NH3增加","泌K+减少、泌NH3减少","泌K+减少、泌NH3不变","3" "11","1","11","大量饮清水后,尿量增多的主要原因是","血浆胶体渗透压降低","醛固酮分泌减少","肾小球滤过率增加","抗利尿激素分泌减少","血压升高","4" "12","1","12","调节远曲小管和集合管对水重吸收的主要激素是","血管紧张素","抗利尿激素","醛固酮","肾上腺素","去甲肾上腺素","2" "13","1","13","促进肾小球滤过的是","肾小球毛细血管血压","肾小囊内压","血浆胶体渗透压","集合管内压","全身动脉血压","1" "14","1","14","使ADH分泌增加的因素是:","血浆晶体渗透压上升,血容量减少","血浆胶体渗透压下降,血容量减少","血浆晶体渗透压上升,血容量增加","血浆胶体渗透压下降,血容量增加","血浆晶体渗透压下降,血容量增加","1" "15","1","15","下列不属肾脏功能的是","生成尿液","分泌醛固酮","参与调节水电解质平衡","与酸碱平衡调节密切相关","排出代谢产物","2" "16","1","16","醛固酮分泌减少时,不会引起:","尿钠升高","血钠升高","血钾升高","血钠降低","血压下降","2" "17","1","17","肾素是由哪种细胞分泌的:","近球细胞","致密斑","间质细胞","皮质细胞","近曲小管上皮细胞","1" "18","1","18","排尿反射的初级中枢位于:","脊髓胸腰段","下丘脑","脊髓腰骶段","延髓","大脑皮质","3" "19","1","19","正常人每昼夜排出的尿量约为:","100ml以下","100~500ml","1000~2000ml","2000~2500ml","3500ml","3" "20","1","20","有关肾的内分泌功能,下列哪项是错误的","分泌前列腺素","分泌肾素","分泌肾上腺素","分泌促红细胞生成素","生成活性维生素D3","3" "21","1","21","在一定血压范围内肾血流量保持相对稳定主要靠","神经调节","体液调节","自身调节","多种调节","反射性调节","3" "22","1","22","交感神经兴奋时,肾血流量","不变","减少","增多","先减少后增多","先增多后减少","2" "23","1","23","重吸收葡萄糖的部位是","近端小管","髓袢升支细段","集合管","髓袢升支粗段","远端小管","1" "24","1","24","关于抗利尿激素,下述哪项是错误的","由神经垂体释放","使远曲小管和集合管上皮细胞对水的通透性加大","血浆胶体渗透压升高,刺激渗透压感受器增加分泌","大静脉和心房扩张时,抗利尿激素分泌减少","产生于下丘脑","3" "25","1","25","水的重吸收在下述哪个部位接受ADH调节","近球细胞","髓袢降支","髓袢升支","远曲小管和集合管","近端小管","4" "26","1","26","肾糖阈的正常值为","8~9mmol/L","9~10mmol/L","10~11mmol/L","11~12mmol/L","12~13mmol/L","2" "27","1","27","正常成年人的肾小球滤过率为","80ml/min","100ml/min","125ml/min","150ml/min","160ml/min","3" "28","1","28","肾小管中重吸收能力量强的部位是","近端小管","远端小管","髓袢细段","集合管","髓袢粗段","1" "29","1","29","关于排尿反射,下述哪项不正确","排尿反射的基本中枢在骶髓","排尿时阴部神经抑制","副交感神经兴奋膀胱逼尿肌收缩","交感神经兴奋膀胱逼尿肌收缩","排尿反射受大脑皮层控制","4" "30","1","30","注射去甲肾上腺素引起少尿的主要原因是","肾小球毛细血管血压明显下降","血浆胶体渗透压升高","囊内压升高","滤过膜通透性减小","肾小管液溶质浓度降低","1" "31","1","31","在兔急性实验中,静注20%葡萄糖溶液5ml引起尿量增加的主要原因是","肾小球滤过率增加","肾小管液中溶质浓度增加","血容量增加","血浆胶体渗透压升高","肾血浆流量增加","2" "32","1","32","损毁视上核,尿将出现什么变化","尿量增加,尿高度稀释","尿量增加,尿浓缩","尿量减少,尿高度稀释","尿量减少,尿浓缩","无尿","1" "33","1","33","引起抗利尿激素分泌最敏感的因素是","循环血量减少","疼痛刺激","血浆胶体渗透压升高","血浆晶体渗透压增高","血K+升高","4" "34","1","34","合成抗利尿激素的主要部位","脑垂体","神经垂体","下丘脑促垂体区","下丘脑视上核和室旁核","球旁细胞","4" "35","1","35","抗利尿激素对肾脏的作用是","抑制肾小球的滤过作用","增加远曲小管和集合管对水的通透性","减少肾血流量","促进肾小管对Na+的重吸收","降低毛细血管血压","2" "36","1","36","促进醛固酮分泌的主要因素是","血Na+升高","血K+降低","肾素","血管紧张素Ⅱ","血浆渗透压升高","4" "37","1","37","醛固酮对远曲小管和集合管的作用是","促进Na+的重吸收和对K+的排泄","促进K+重吸收和对Na+的排泄","促进Na+重吸收,抑制K+排泄","促进K+重吸收,抑制Na+排泄","减少水的重吸收","1" "38","1","38",,

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