PPT《第十五章句式转换译法Conversion of Clauses in Translation》

1 前置译法 A. 两种定语从句有时都可汉译为前置定语 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句有时都可汉译为前置定语.但译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思,还要使整个句子的表达显得言简意赅、连贯、语气较强. 例1:Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.【译文】水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途. 例2:This reading-room is the place in which there are many students and teachers reading books every day.【译文】这个阅览室是每天都有许多师生看书的地方. 例3:I have often wondered whether some people, who had no intention of making a purchase, would take advantage of this privilege.【译文】我常常纳闷,会不会有一些根本无意购买东西的人利用这一优惠趁机揩油. 例4:On October 4, 1957, the first man-made satellite was sent into space where exploration hadn'

t been made by man.【译文】1957年10月4日,第一颗人造卫星送入了从未被人类探索过的太空. 例5:Every man is rich or poor according to the degree in which he can afford to enjoy the necessaries, conveniences, and amusements of human life.Adam Smith: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations) 【译文】一个人是富是贫,要看他能获得生活必需品、舒适品和娱乐品的程度如何. B. 省译定语从句中的谓语 如果定语从句中的谓语不含有具体的意义,可省译从句中的谓语.这种译法很简便,也很有效. 例1:The purpose for which electricity is used is numerous.【译文】电的用途是很多的.例2:He is the man which he was.【译文】他还是过去那个老样子. 例3:We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have.【译文】我们已得出与他们相同的结论.例4:The factory has produced two kinds of chemicals, the quality of which is good.【译文】这个工厂生产了两种高质量的化学制品. 例5:The modern aircraft is no longer the airplane which it was before.【译文】现代的飞机已经不是从前那种飞机了. C. 译出定语从句中的谓语 如果定语从句中的谓语含有具体的动作意义,这个谓语不可省译.把定语从句汉译成 ……的 词组置于所修饰的词前,仍作定语. 例1:Objects that do not transfer light cause shadows.【译文】不透光的物体会造成阴影. 例2:Situation that may bring happiness in one place may not bring happiness in another place. 【译文】此处能带来欢乐的景况,换了他处未必也能给人带来欢乐. 例3:They saw the first glimmerings of the new economic order for which many Third World countries have long been clamoring.【译文】他们看到了许多第三世界国家长期呼吁的 新经济秩序 的曙光. 例4:A World Bank report released at the time of the conference, which ended on

10 November, insists that Vietnam'

s overall growth will depend more on its own policies than on the volume of external financing.【译文】在十月十日结束的巴黎会议上,披露了世界银行的一份报告.报告反复强调越南经济的全面增长将更主要地取决于其本国的政策,而不是外来资金的数额. 例5:To those of us who walk in sunlight and hear all the sounds that beat on our ears, being blind and deaf would seem like being in a prison.【译文】对于我们这些漫步在阳光下,聆听着撞击在耳边的各种声音的人来说,一旦眼睛瞎了,耳朵聋了,那就如同身陷囹圄,很不自由. D. 先译定语从句,但不作先行词的定语 出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑,可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译,用来说........