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新东方在线考研资料免费下载中心 考研英语阅读理解精读100篇(高分版):UNIT NINE TEXT ONE For many college students, back to school also means back to downloading music over the university'

s high-speed Internet connection.

But not so fast: The music industry'

s crackdown on piracy on campus didn'

t stop with the end of the spring semester. In August, the Recording Industry Association of America sent pre-litigation letters to

58 colleges―coast to coast, from to . More than 2,400 letters already have been sent to students at schools targeted by the RIAA. The letters offer students the option of paying a settlement fee based on the number of tunes the student allegedly downloaded illegally or taking the risk of a potentially more expensive lawsuit. The music association isolates Internet addresses that generate high downloading and file-sharing traffic, then asks the school to turn over the identity of those students, so it can get in touch with them. Some schools, like the , have declined to assist the RIAA, explaining that to identify the IP users and forward the letters to them would put the university in an uncomfortable and inappropriate alliance with the RIAA, says Meg McCall, a spokesperson for the university. While we agree that violation of copyright law is serious and should be addressed, the only way to be certain of infractions is to pursue ac Students also are a bit flummoxed by the pre-litigation letters, though many appear to be opting for the quick settlement. When Cassandra Hunt, then a sophomore at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, received a notice from the school stating she was identified for violating copyright law, she asked the RIAA about the settlement fees. Explaining that it had identified

272 songs, which could potentially cost $750 per song should her case go to trial, it offered her a settlement fee. Now, I know what you'

re thinking, wrote the physics major in an op-ed for The Tech last year. With a collection of

272 whole songs, no wonder the RIAA felt compelled to squash my threat to the sanctity of music. However the lady on the phone told me they'

d be willing to settle for $3,750. And that fee, explains Hunt, was requested to be paid within

15 days (though the RIAA offers a six-month payment plan). Colleges are taking their own measures to persuade students not to pirate music. Some schools are making deals with music download services such as Ruckus to provide their students with free, legal options. is one of the schools that have signed up for Ruckus, which also incorporates social-networking features. Users can friend others to see what playlists they are putting together and download those songs in seconds if their school has a Ruckus server installed. We like to think of ourselves as a discovery tool, explains Charlie Moore, a senior vice president of Ruckus. But the songs downloaded can be listened to on the Ruckus player only, explains . While some portable media devices can play the songs, Ruckus tunes can'

t be imported into iTunes or iPods. Students at also have reported some problems getting the Ruckus service to work on Apple'

s Mac computers. Nevertheless, that'

s still likely less commotion than they face from a pre-litigation letter. 1. Which one of the following is not the measure taken by RIAA to fight against music piracy on campus? [A] Sending pre-litigation letters to students who have violated copyright law. [B] Blocking the access to downloading music to the students. [C] Asking schools to sign up for music download services. [D] Providing schools with charged legal access of music downloading services. 2. declined to assist the RIAA because_____ [A] they wanted to protect the students'