DOC《某铜矿综合回收试验研究》

某铜矿综合回收试验研究 杨涛,刘吉波,包新军,吴希桃 (湖南稀土金属材料研究院,长沙 410126) 摘要:研究了综合回收新疆某铜矿中有价金属的选冶联合流程.

结果表明,先采用铜浮选得到品位18.01%的铜精矿,铜回收率高达90%.选铜尾矿再磁选得到含钪54 g/t、铁59.28%和钛19.08%的强磁精矿.精矿在液固比5∶

1、90 ℃、12 mol/L盐酸浸出2 h时,钪、铁、钛的浸出率分别为92.58%、80.97%和13.88%.酸浸液采用P204+TBP萃取钪,钪萃取率达90%,总回收率达85%以上;

采用N235萃取铁,铁萃取率可达99%,总回收率达80%以上;

采用酸浸―水解回收钛,钛总回收率达85%以上. 关键词:铜矿;

强磁精矿;

回收率;

综合回收 中图分类号:TF811 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1007-7545(2013)09-0000-00 Study on Comprehensive Recovery of Copper Ore YANG Tao, LIU Ji-bo, BAO Xin-jun, WU Xi-tao (Hunan Rare-earth Metal Research Institute, Changsha 410126, China) Abstract:The dressing-metallurgy combination processes for comprehensive recovery of valuable metals from certain copper ore in Xinjiang, China was studied. The results show that copper concentrate with copper grade of 18.01% and copper recovery of 90% is produced by flotation. Magnetic concentration is obtained from tailings by magnetic separation with scandium of

54 g/t, iron of 59.28%, and titanium of 19.08%. The concentrate is acid leached and the leaching rate of scandium, iron and titanium is 92.58%, 80.97% and 13.88% respectively under the conditions including ratio of liquid to solid of 5∶1, temperature of

90 ℃, time of

2 h, and hydrochloric concentration of

12 mol/L. Scandium is solvent extracted with P204+TBP from acidic leaching solution with scandium extraction rate of 90% above and total recovery of 85% above. Iron is solvent extracted with N235 from acidic leaching solution with extraction rate of 99% and total recovery of 80% above. Titanium is hydrolyzed from acid leaching residue with total recovery of 85% above. Key words:copper ore;

strong magnetic concentrate;

recovery;

comprehensive recovery 新疆某铜矿是一座新建年产60万t铜矿的现代化矿井,选矿规模2 000t/d.该矿含铜0.63%、铁7.55%、钛0.85%和钪20 g/t,采用浮选的方法得到高品位的铜精矿,而铁、钛、钪基本富集于选铜尾矿中.为进一步提高尾矿利用率,开发尾矿价值,必须考虑综合回收其中的有价元素,特别是高价值的钪. 钪及其化合物具备特殊的性能,被誉为新世纪战略资源,应用范围广泛[1].工业上从含钪量低的原料中富集、分离和提取高纯钪的过程相当复杂,致使钪的产量不大,价格昂贵[2].据报导,目前国内市场上钪的实际需求量远远大于国内生产能力[3].工业上从含钪原料中提取钪的方法有:还原熔炼法、硫酸化焙烧法、废酸洗液浸出、硼酸盐或碳酸盐熔融、碳酸钠溶液浸取、直接用浓度为50%的硫酸浸出及浓盐酸浸出等[4-8].分离钪的方法有:萃取法、离子交换法和沉淀法[9-11].工业上主要应用萃取法,不同的只是在萃取剂上的选择不同,但钪的提取技术还是存在很多问题,如生产成本高、钪回收率低等[12]. 目前综合回收铁、钛等有价元素的研究很多,有些方法也已经实现工业化.在湿法冶金中,铁的回收主要是采用N235萃取[13-14],钛的回收主要采用硫酸浸出后水解,再煅烧成钛白粉[15-21]. 本试验首先采用浮选工艺处理新疆某铜矿得到铜精矿,选铜尾矿采用磁选方法获得钪、铁、钛品位高的强磁精矿,再经酸浸、萃取、水解等化学方法提取分离后,综合回收其中的有价元素钪、铁、钛等.