DOC《南京林业大学》

南京林业大学本科毕业设计题目:年产13万吨纸管原纸工程 造纸车间纸机烘干部通汽系统工艺设计 学院: 轻工科学与工程学院 专业: 轻化工程 学号:

070202204 学生姓名: 高磊指导教师: 陈务平 职称: 高级工程师 二O一一年五月十五日 摘要纸管原纸是专供纺织工业制造粗纱管、化纤纱管及其他纱芯管用高强度纸.

由于纺纱机的纱管、锥管、转锭等一方面要求质量轻,有利于女工取锭,减小劳动强度;

另一方面也希望制作简便、成本低廉.因此,采取纸板加工成纱管最为合适. 目前国内市场对高级(A级)纱管纸需求量为110万吨,而目前生产能力约为90万吨,生产量只有60万吨左右,缺口50万吨.而近几年部分小纸厂由于环境污染问题被迫停产,造成市场上货源偏紧,供需矛盾更加突出.预计今后几年,纱管原纸尤其是高档产品将会供不应求,市场前景十分光明. 在当今全球能源的短缺情况日益严重的大背景下,各个企业,尤其是高能源消耗企业对如何在生产过程中,减少能源消耗,加大单位能源利用率,进而降低成本,增加经济效益的问题日益关注. 造纸行业本身就是高能耗的行业,由于纸页中纤维和水之间的结合包含游离水和结合水两部分,经过纸机网部自然脱水和真空强制脱水及压榨部机械压榨等仅仅能脱去部分游离水,结合水是县委和水分子间氢键结合比较牢固,必须靠进一步的强制脱水才能去除,目前都是采用蒸汽加热烘干以脱去纸页中的多余水份达到干燥纸页.从纸机的运行情况看,纸机的干燥部消耗了大量的蒸汽能源.如果能减少干燥部的能源消耗,那么所产生的经济效益是巨大的.因为纸机的通汽系统是干燥部的核心,所以如何设计通汽方式,进而减少能源消耗成了重中之重. 从当今国内外各纸厂的设计情况,以及各大研究机构的情况看,三段通汽系统已经完全取代了早期的单段通汽系统,被广大企业所广泛使用.于此同时,三段通汽系统中的一些缺点也被人们广为熟知,如烘缸内冷凝水未及时排出,形成水环,影响了蒸汽的传导效率,导致蒸汽消耗量增加,所以,目前很多企业都在改进纸机烘干通汽方式,采用热效率更高的热泵通汽系统代替传通的三段通汽系统,节约了大量的蒸汽消耗,大大降低了生产成本. 本次设计主要包括以下内容:首先确定了纱管原纸的造纸生产工艺流程,并根据流程进行了吨纸耗气量计算,再在前面两者的基础上进行设备能力计算及选型,最后根据工艺流程和设备选型进行车间设备布置,画出车间工艺流程图和车间平面布置图. 通过本次设计,我掌握了利用废纸抄纱管原纸时烘干部的基本原理、优点、消耗指标、工艺流程等,了解了生产过程中应注意的事项.但在设计中还存在许多不足之处,需要在实践中进一步验证并根据实际情况进行改进. Abstract Paper pipes base for textile industry is manufacturing roving tube, chemical fiber yarn pipes and other yarn core work high strength paper. Because of the spinning yarn tubes, cone tube, one hand requirements such as turn ingots to light quality, take ingot, reduce female labor intensity;

On the other hand also hope to make simple, low cost. Therefore, take cardboard processing yarn tube is most appropriate. The current domestic market for advanced (class A) yarn tube of paper for 1.1min了lin tons, but demand for current production capacity for about 900,000 tons, production only 600,000 tons, gap 500,000 tons. And in recent years due to some of the smaller mill production, environmental pollution problems caused by forced on the market, tight supply more pronounced contradiction between supply and demand. Expected in the next few years, yarn pipe base paper especially high-grade products will be in short supply, the market foreground is very bright. The papermaking industry itself is energy-intensive industries, because water and fiber in newspeak union between contains free water and integrating with two parts, after paper machine nets department natural dehydration and vacuum mandatory dehydration and abuses of mechanical squeezing etc can only take off part of free water, integrating with is the county and between water molecules hydrogen bonding with firmer, must rely on further mandatory dehydration to remove, at present are using steam heating drying to remove the excess water newspeak newspeak to dry. From the running situation of the look, slitter machine dry department consumes vast quantities of steam energy. If can reduce dry department in energy use, then produces economic benefit is huge. Because of the machine is dry steam system of the core, therefore how to design the steam way, and reduce energy consumption became a top priority. From the current domestic and foreign design of each paper mills, and each big research institute showed, three sections of the steam system has been completely replaced early single segment, the steam system by the large enterprise widespread use. In the meantime, three sections of the steam system of some shortcomings, such as widely known by people in condensate not seasonable eduction turbulence, forming water ring, the impact of the steam transmitting efficiency, leading to increased steam consumption, so, at present a lot of enterprises are improved through paper drying, the steam way higher heat pump efficiency through the steam system instead of the three sections of the pass steam system, saving a lot of steam consumption and reduce the production cost. This design includes the following content: first identified the yarn pipe base paper, and according to the production process flow the tons of paper, then calculated gas consumption on the basis of both in front of equipment capacity calculation and selection, according to process flow and the equipment selection for workshop equipment layout, draw workshop process flow diagram and workshop layout. Through this design, I mastered using waste paper copy yarn tubes when the original basic principle, baked cadres advantages, consumption, technological process, and so on, understand the production process matters needing attention. But there are still many in design deficiency, in practice need to further verified according to actual condition improved. 关键词:纱管原纸;

纸机干燥部;

车间布置 目录

第一章 前言…1 1.1设计课题…1 1.2设计目的及意义…1 1.3设计范围…1 1.3.1设计包括的三个方面…1 1.3.2具体研究内容…2 1.4设计指导思…2 1.5特色与创新…2 1.6产品的种类及规格…3

第二章 工艺部分…4 2.1工艺指标…4 2.1.1纱管原纸质量要求…4 2.1.2 纱管原纸质量指标…4 2.2工艺流程…5 2.2.1干燥部三段通气系统…5 2.2.2热泵供热系统…5

第三章 设计参数

6

第四章 吨纸耗气量计算…8 4.1进缸干度为45%时的吨纸耗气量…8 4.2进缸干度为40%时的吨纸耗气量…9 4.3进缸干度为50%时的吨纸耗气量…10 4.4经济效益核算…10

第五章 设备选型计算

12 5.1主要设备的选型论证…12 5.2 设备选型与计算…12 5.3设备选型计算汇总表…13

第六章 车间布置设计

14 6.1车间设备布置原则

14 6.2生产设备布置设计注意事项

14 6.3车间尺寸的确定

14 6.3.1尺寸确定的原则

14 6.3.2尺寸确定

15 小结…17 致谢…18 参考文献…19 附录…19

第一章 前言1.1设计课题 年产13万吨纸管原纸工程造纸车间纸机烘干部通汽系统工艺设计 1.2设计目的及意义 随着全球能源的短缺情况日益严重,各个企业,尤其是高能源消耗企业对如何在生产工程中,减少能源的消耗,加大单位能源的利用率,从而降低成本,增加经济效益的问题日益关注. 纸管原纸是专供纺织工业制造粗纱管、化纤纱管及其他纱芯管用高强度纸.由于纺纱机的纱管、锥管、转锭等一方面要求质量轻,有利于女工取锭,减小劳动强度;

另一方面也希望制作简便、成本低廉.因此采取纸板加工成纱管最为合适. 纸管原纸的技术指标中耐破度、环压强度和层间结合力最为重要,通过废纸制浆工艺的控制及抄造时化学品的添加可以较好的满足这三项指标. 通过对造纸车间纸机烘干部通汽系统进行工艺设计,计算出采取何种通汽方式可以有效降低吨纸的耗气量,达到减少能耗,降低成本,增加经济效益的目的. 在当今全球造纸工业日益关注能耗的降低,本课题的设立有着极其重要的现实意义. 1.3设计范围 1.3.1 本次设计主要包括三个方面

1、年产13万吨纸机干燥部的吨纸耗气量及相关设备能力选型.

2、年产13万吨纸机干燥部的车间布置设计.

3、对本设计的可行性论证. (1)生产工艺设计主要包括:工艺流程的论证、吨纸耗气量的计算'

设备的选型. (2)车间布置主要包括:车间设备布置平面图. 1.3.2 具体研究内容:

1、查阅资料,确定有关工艺技术参数和质量指标.

2、确定生产工艺流程图

3、根据所确定的工艺流程进行吨纸耗气量的计算

4、根据所确定的工艺流程及吨纸耗气量计算结果进行设备选型.

5、根据所确定的工艺流程和设备选型画出工艺流程图和设备布置图. 1.4设计指导思想 本设计中所选的设备及工艺条件力求于稳妥、先进、可靠.在稳妥的条件下,尽量选用可靠的设备及工艺流程.由于所选设备大部分为非标准件,所以力求同类型设备均一,便于维修和管理. 在蒸汽消耗方面,由于现在能源费用的上涨,导致其中的产业成本日益提高,所以节能设备为首选,力求通过减少能源消耗来获得最大的企业效益. 1.5特色与创新 热泵供热系统与传统三段通气方式相比在节约能源上的表现: 热泵供热系统由热泵,汽水分离罐,冷凝水贮罐,冷凝水泵,空气加热器和排水器等组成.相较于传统的三段通气供热系统,该系统可以有效减少因蒸汽节流减压产生的摩擦,因涡流而导致的熵的增加,造成能量的浪费和贬值. 其中的蒸汽喷射式热泵主要由热泵,高效扩容闪蒸罐,排水器及不凝性气体排出设备等组成.蒸汽喷射式热泵可以代替三段通气中的蒸汽节流阀,属于高效节能设备. 其次该系统配套了专门的排水器用于烘缸疏水阻汽.该排水器采用同等压........