编辑: gracecats | 2019-07-06 |
此项技术实施的关键在于选择合适的喷吹粉剂和创造最佳的精炼动力学条件.本文通过总结前人的研究成果,推荐喷吹AlCCaOCCaSi或Al和12CaO・7Al2O3型合成渣粉作为精炼粉剂,并选择CaOCAl2O3CAl作为炉渣改质剂,同时应最大限度地增加粉剂进入钢水的比例、延长粉剂在钢水中的停留时间并缩短熔池的均混时间.为了防止钢液吸氮、二次氧化以及温降过大,建议在CAS钢包顶部加密封盖. 关键词: CASCOB 喷粉 脱硫 夹杂物变性处理 热力学 动力学 Technical Empolder for Powder Injection in CASCOB Refining of Steels Zhao Chenglin Zou Zongshu (School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shengyang, 110004, China) Abstract:Powder injection in CASCOB process was CAS-OB technology combined with submerged powder injection, additional functions of desulphurization of molten steel and reforming of inclusions can be realized in addition to the functions of heating, deoxidization, alloying and removing inclusions by argon bubbling. The key of this technology is to choose a suitable refined powder and to create the best conditions for refined dynamics. AlCCaOCCaSi or Al and 12CaO・7Al2O3 synthetic slag powder was recommended as refined powder and CaO-Al2O3-Al powder for the primary slag modification, simultaneity should maximize the proportion of powder into the molten steel, extende the residence time of particle in the molten steel and shorten the mixing time of molten bath. To prevent steel liquid nitrogen adsorption, re-oxidation and the temperature drops too much, addition airproof cover in the CAS ladle top was proposed. Key words:CASCOB, powder injection, desulphurization, inclusion modification, thermodynamics, kinetic
1 前言 CASCOB(Composition Adjustment by Sealed Argon BubblingCOxygen Bubbling)精炼工艺的基本原理是在钢包底吹氩气搅拌钢液的条件下,在浸罩内部钢水表面少渣或无渣以及低氧化性的氩气氛下,完成钢液的脱氧、合金化以及升温等操作.由于具备了加热功能,使得许多任务可以在CAS站完成,CASCOB工艺也随之向多功能化方向发展.在国外,部分钢厂在原有的CAS站增设了喷粉精炼装置,根据不同的处理要求,采用不同的处理手段和喷吹粉剂,实现钢水升温、脱氧、脱硫、合金化以及夹杂物变性处理等精炼功能,大大降低了炼钢的成本[1-2].而在国内,这方面的研究还几乎空白.本工作以此为着眼点,开发CASCOB喷粉精炼工艺,以期最大限度地发挥现有CASCOB的精炼作用.
2 CASCOB喷粉精炼工艺 2.1 工艺提出的背景 CAS的核心是浸渍罩内无渣氩气氛下的钢水合金化成分调整.这一方面最大限度地提高了合金收得率,另一方面充分的吹氩搅拌也可大大改善钢水的洁净度.但目前钢包带渣不可避免,尽管合金化是在浸渍罩内无渣条件下进行的,但罩外的顶渣始终在与钢水接触,这种接触必然通过渣金反应影响合金的收得率.同时,脱硫无疑也是钢水炉外精炼的重要任务之一,而目前CAS无脱硫功能,仅仅依靠钢水与顶渣的反应(尤其是在不改渣的情况下)是无法实施有效脱硫的.另外,加入发热剂吹氧升温的过程不可避免地要产生大量新生、细小、难以去除的氧化物(尤其是Al2O3)夹杂,这些夹杂物残留在钢中,不仅直接恶化了钢水的可浇性,而且也将严重地影响成品钢材的质量和性能.针对这些问题,本项工作在CASCOB设备上增加喷粉装置,通过向钢水中喷吹合适的粉剂,期望达到如下效果: 增加CASCOB的脱硫功能;