DOC《富铅熔渣底吹熔炼还原过程热平衡及热场分布规律》

富铅熔渣底吹熔炼还原过程热平衡及热场分布规律 邓志敢1,魏昶1,李卫峰2,李存兄1,李兴彬1,李F廷1,樊刚1 (1.

昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院,昆明 650093;

2.河南豫光金铅股份有限公司,河南济源 454650) 摘要:介绍了铅精矿经氧化熔炼工艺过程产出的熔融富铅渣的底吹熔池熔炼还原炼铅工艺,讨论了该工艺的特色和创新,在研究富铅熔渣底吹熔池熔炼过程中主要元素和组分在底吹熔池熔炼过程中行为规律的基础上,通过对熔融富铅渣的底吹熔池熔炼过程的物料平衡和热平衡分析,采用高斯消元法建立了熔融富铅渣的底吹熔池熔炼过程热力学平衡模型,研究了底吹熔炼反应过程中炉内的热场分布规律和热利用情况,探讨了炉内炉顶烟气区域、炉渣波动区域与炉底熔铅区域的熔炼过程特征. 关键词:熔融氧化铅;

熔炼炉;

底吹;

热场分布;

热平衡 中图分类号:TF812 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1007-7545(2017)10-0000-00 Heat Balance and Thermal Field Distribution of Rich Lead Molten Slag Reduction in Bottom Blowing Furnace DENG Zhi-gan1, WEI Chang1, LI Wei-feng2, LI Cun-xiong1, LI Xing-bin1, LI Min-ting1, FAN Gang1 (1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;

2. Henan Yuguang Gold & Lead Co, Ltd, Jiyuan 454650, Henan, China) Abstract:Direct reduction process with bottom blowing furnace of molten rich-lead slag from oxidation smelting of lead concentrate was described. Characteristics and innovation of lead direct smelting technology are analyzed. Based on transformation rule of main elements and components during smelting process, material and thermal energy balance of rich lead molten slag in direct reduction process were analyzed. Thermal balance models of molten rich lead slag direct reduction were established by Gauss Elimination Method. Thermal field distribution in bottom blowing direct reduction furnace and heat utilization was studied. Characteristics of smoke area on top of furnace, wave area of slag and pool area at bottom of furnace in molten rich lead slag direct reduction were discussed. Key words:molten lead oxide;

smelting furnace;

bottom blowing;

thermal field distribution;

thermal balance 烧结―鼓风炉炼铅技术存在工艺流程长、硫利用率低、综合能耗高、环境负担重、金属回收率低等缺点[1-3].21世纪以来,直接炼铅技术的工业化发展迅速,如:Kaldo法、QSL法、Kivcet法、氧气底吹―鼓风炉熔炼法(SKS法)、ISA法、Ausmelt法[4]和Valukov法,其中除Kivcet法和Kaldo法为闪速熔炼法外,其余如QSL法和SKS法采用氧气底吹、Ausmelt法和ISA法采用氧气顶吹、Valukov法采用氧气侧吹,均为熔池熔炼法[5-7].但SKS法并非真正意义上的直接炼铅,该方法高铅渣潜热未能有效利用,仍存在能耗高、粉尘多、环境污染重等问题[8-9].液态高铅渣直接还原技术主要针对SKS法未能直接还原液态高铅渣而开发的还原熔炼新技术,且液态高铅渣熔池熔融还原产出的熔炼渣可达到直接丢弃的水平[10-12]. 富铅熔渣底吹直接还原炉是氧气底吹―富铅熔渣直接还原熔炼的主体设备,本文针对富铅熔渣底吹直接还原过程中物料特点,研究富铅熔渣直接还原过程中还原熔炼反应,建立富铅熔渣直接还原过程的热力学模型,从而分析富铅熔渣直接还原过程炉内热场分布情况,以达到热能高效利用,为实现节能减排提供理论指导依据.