DOC《附件1-资助领域说明（英文）》

synthetic biology studies of engineered cells to study biological networks;

and the effects of lipid addiction on tumor cells. ? NCI Priorities.?Within the areas of cancer, the specific priorities for this FOA include the following aspects: Genomics/Epigenomics/Transcriptomics (including Epitranscriptomics)/Proteomics Mining/leveraging of TCGA data or proposed work to identify and understand genomic landscape of various cancer types―understanding the role(s) of genes, non-coding RNAs, and gene products in tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. CPTAC―coordinated effort to understand molecular basis of cancer by systematically identifying proteins that derive from alterations in cancer genomes. ? Nanotechnology Collaborative applications that propose the use of nanotechnology to delineate cancer-associated pathways as a means to characterize and functionally validate cancer genomic findings in relevant cell and animal models Applications that propose the use of nanotechnology to enable cancer biomarker discovery and validation.? Research directed towards uncovering structure-activity relationship in nanomaterials and correlation between nanomaterial properties and their safety profiles would also be supported by this FOA. Nanotechnology for immunotherapy―application thay propose to characterize the physiological parameters of nanostructures targeting mononuclear phagocyte system, such as monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Delivering agonists by targeting innate immune sensing pathways with nanotechnology to improve antigen presentation. Targeting immune regulatory cells (e.g. tumor-associated macrophages) to ameliorate tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Developing immunotherapy with nanotechnology to improve conventional therapies. Cell engineering Approaches using synthetic biology to improve the understanding of biological networks and/or to develop live intelligent agents to test new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. DNA-damage network as a target in cancer cells Development of molecule tools and imaging and single-cell and single molecule technology to detect induction , expression and de-construction of molecular complexes that are formed in response to genotoxic therapy a variety of human cancers;

Characterization and targeting of DNA repair in cancer stem cells and/or quiescent cancer cells in Go or G1;

Establishing the role of DNA damage response communication with the microenvironment induced by cancer therapy (e.g., ionizing radiation) and effects such communication has on resistance to treatment and cancer progression in the face of high levels of DNA damage/replication stress;

? Exhaustive studies to determine synthetic lethal relationships related to cancer-cell defects in DNA repair or DNA replication for range of human cancers and grades.? Liver Cancer ―Research questions include:? Does the cell of origin influence liver tumor type? ? Do liver cancer stem cells arise and are they found in all liver tumors? What is the role of the hepatic stellate cell in cancer progression? How do individual cell types/stromal components in the microenvironment influence tumor progression. Lipid addiction of cancer cells The effects of dietary fat intake/obesity on the activation of fatty acid synthesis in cancer cells;

The effects of lipid droplets on the induction of fibrosis. Novel strategies of cancer immunotherapy Amplification/modification?of?immune effectors?(e.g., with?Chinese herbs);

Recruitment of immune effectors to the tumor site;

Targeting?tumor stromal?cells;

Prevention of side effects. Antigen-based design of cellular effectors (e.g. CTL, NK);