PDF《THE STATE OF FOOD》

THE STATE OF FOOD INSECURITY IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE Godfrey Tawodzera, Lazarus Zanamwe and Jonathan Crush Godfrey Tawodzera, Lazarus Zanamwe &

Jonathan Crush.

(2012). The State of Food Insecurity in Harare, Zimbabwe. Urban Food Security Series No. 13. Queen'

s University and AFSUN: Kingston and Cape Town. REFERENCE ? THE STATE OF FOOD INSECURITY IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE AFRICAN FOOD SECURITY URBAN NETWORK (AFSUN) URBAN FOOD SECURITY SERIES NO.

13 THE STATE OF FOOD INSECURITY IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE GODFREY TAWODZERA, LAZARUS ZANAMWE AND JONATHAN CRUSH SERIES EDITOR: PROF. JONATHAN CRUSH URBAN FOOD SECURITY SERIES NO.

13 AFRICAN FOOD SECURITY URBAN NETWORK (AFSUN) Cover Photograph: Desmond Zvidzai Kwande, Africa Media Online Published by African Food Security Urban Network (AFSUN) ? AFSUN

2012 ISBN 978-1-920597-00-9 First published

2012 Production by Bronwen Müller, Cape Town All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or trans- mitted, in any form or by any means, without prior permission from the publisher. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The financial support of the Canadian Government through the CIDA UPCD Tier

1 Program is acknowledged. The editorial assistance of Cassandra Eberhardt, Maria Salamone and Bronwen Müller is also acknowledged. Authors Godfrey Tawodzera is the AFSUN Post-Doctoral Fellow in the African Centre for Cities, University of Cape Town. Lazarus Zanamwe is in the Department of Geography at the University of Zimbabwe. Jonathan Crush is Co-Director of AFSUN and Honorary Professor at the University of Cape Town. Previous Publications in the AFSUN Series No

1 The Invisible Crisis: Urban Food Security in Southern Africa No

2 The State of Urban Food Insecurity in Southern Africa No

3 Pathways to Insecurity: Food Supply and Access in Southern African Cities No

4 Urban Food Production and Household Food Security in Southern African Cities No

5 The HIV and Urban Food Security Nexus No

6 Urban Food Insecurity and the Advent of Food Banking in Southern Africa No

7 Rapid Urbanization and the Nutrition Transition in Southern Africa No

8 Climate Change and Food Security in Southern African Cities No

9 Migration, Development and Urban Food Security No

10 Gender and Urban Food Insecurity No

11 The State of Urban Food Insecurity in Cape Town No

12 The State of Food Insecurity in Johannesburg ? African Food Security Urban Network,

2012 1 Introduction

1 2 Monitoring Urban Food Insecurity

3 3 Methodology

5 4 Household Characteristics

7 5 Household Poverty

10 5.1 Income Sources

10 5.2 Household Expenditures

13 5.3 Lived Poverty

14 6 Levels of Household Food Insecurity

15 7 Determinants of Food Insecurity

19 7.1 Household Size and Structure

19 7.2 Household Poverty

20 7.3 Rising Food Prices

22 8 Sources of Household Food

24 8.1 Surviving on Informal Food

24 8.2 Urban Agriculture

26 8.3 Informal Food Transfers

27 9 Conclusion

29 Endnotes

32 T Table 1: Sample and Household Size

6 Table 2: Household Members'

Relationship to Household Heads

9 Table 3: Work Status of the Sample Population

10 Table 4: Number of Income Sources

10 Table 5: Sources of Household Income

12 Table 6: Household Expenditure Categories

13 Table 7: Lived Poverty Index (LPI) Categories in Harare

14 Table 8: Frequency of Going Without Basic Needs

15 CONTENTS Table 9: HFIAS Scores in Harare Compared to Other Cities

16 Table 10: HFIAP Scores in Harare Compared to Other Cities

16 Table 11: Food Groups Eaten by Households