DOC《机电英语 文献摘录》

机电英语 文献摘录 工程概论 先进制造技术 机械原理与零件 设计与制图 材料与加工 计算机控制 机器人与机电一体化产品 技术文献检索 上海大学 机电工程与自动化学院 2008.

8 目录1工程概论 1.1 The Engineering Profession 工程专业

4 1.2 Industry and Technology 工业和技术

6 1.3 Modern Manufacturing 现代制造业

10 2 先进制造技术 2.1 Agile Manufacturing 敏捷制造

14 2.2 Lean Production 精益生产

16 2.3 Virtual Manufacturing 虚拟制造

17 2.4 Concurrent Engineering 并行工程

19 3 机械原理与零件 3.1 General Considerations 机械概述

20 3.2 The Simple Machine 简单机械

26 3.3 Mechanisms 机构

30 3.4 Gears 齿轮

33 3.5 Cams 凸轮

40 3.6 Linkages 连杆机构

42 3.7 Belt 带传动

47 3.8 Couplings,Clutches,Breaks 联轴器、离合器、制动器

52 3.9 Bearings 轴承

59 4 设计与制图 4.1 Design Engineer and Design Methodology 设计工程师与设计方法 X 4.2 Creative Design 创新设计 X 4.3 Mechanical Engineering Design 机械工程设计 X 4.4 Introduction to Drawing 工程制图 X

5 材料与加工 5.1 Metal Materials 金属材料 X 5.2 Five Basic Machining Techniques 五种基本机械加工技术 X 5.3 Laser Machining 激光加工 X

6 计算机控制 6.1 Computer 计算机 X 6.2 Development History of Computer Use 计算机应用的发展历史 X 6.3 Computer Integrated Manufacturing 计算机集成制造 X 6.4 Automation 自动化 X 6.5 Artificial Intelligence 人工智能 X

7 机器人与机电一体化产品 7.1 Mechatronics 机电一体化 X 7.2 Development of Robot Systems 机器人系统的发展 X 7.3 Mechanical Design of an Industrial Robot 工业机器人中的机械设计 X 7.4 Automatic Teller Machine 自动柜员机 X 7.5 Microscopic Machines 微型机械 X

8 技术文献检索 8.1 Engineering Index 工程索引 X 8.2 Patent 专利 X 8.3 The Internet 国际互联网 X The Engineering Profession (工程专业)

1 Engineering is one of the oldest occupations in history. Without the skills included in the broad field of engineering, our present-day civilization never could have evolved. The first toolmakers who chipped arrows and spears from rock were the forerunners of modern mechanical engineers. The craftsmen who discovered metals in the earth and found ways to refine and use them were the ancestors of mining and metallurgical engineers. And the skilled technicians who devised irrigation systems and erected the marvelous buildings of the ancient world were the civil engineers of their time. One of the earliest names that has come down to us in history is that of Imhotep, the designer of the stepped pyramid at Sakkara in Egypt about 3,000 B.C.

2 Engineering is often defined as making practical application of theoretical sciences such as physics and mathematics. Many of the early branches of engineering were based not on science but on empirical information that depended on observation and experience rather than on theoretical knowledge. Those who devised methods for splitting the massive blocks that were needed to build Stone-hence in England or the unique pyramids of Egypt discovered the principle of the wedge by trial for the pyramids were probably raised into place by means of ramps of earth that surrounded the structures as they rose;

it was a practical application of the inclined plane, even though the concept was not understood in terms that could be quantified or expressed mathematically.

3 Quantification has been one of the principal reasons for the explosion of scientific knowledge since the beginning of the modern age in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Another important factor has been the development of the experimental method to verify theories. Quantification involves putting the data or pieces of information resulting from experimentation into exact mathematical terms. It cannot be stressed too strongly that mathematics is the language of modern engineering.