DOC《机械活化对高炉炼铁烟尘中锌浸出的影响》

机械活化对高炉炼铁烟尘中锌浸出的影响 姜艳1,孙丽达1,黄卉2,李自静1,冯绍平1,黄兆龙1 (1.

红河学院 理学院,云南蒙自 661100;

2.昆明冶金高等专科学校 冶金材料学院,昆明 650033) 摘要:采用硫酸为浸出剂,对高炉炼铁烟尘进行未活化和活化浸出工艺研究.通过正交试验与单因素试验相结合考察硫酸浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比对烟尘中锌浸出率的影响.结果表明,未活化的烟尘在液固比8∶

1、硫酸浓度170 g/L、浸出温度95 ℃,浸出时间90 min时,锌浸出率达到96.78%;

而经活化的烟尘在液固比7∶

1、硫酸浓度150 g/L、浸出温度85 ℃,浸出时间75 min时,锌浸出率达到98.19%. 关键词:机械活化;

高炉炼铁烟尘;

锌;

浸出 中图分类号:TF813 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1007-7545(2014)04-0000-00 Effects of Mechanical Activation on Zinc Leaching from Blast Furnace Dusts JIANG Yan1, SUN Li-da1, HUANG Hui2, LI Zi-jing1, FENG Shao-ping1, HUANG Zhao-long1 (1. Science of College, Honghe University, Mengzi 661100, Yunnan, China;

2. Metallurgy & Materials Engineering Faculty, Kunming Metallurgy College, Kunming 650033, China) Abstract:Blast furnace dusts were non-activation and activation leached with sulfuric acid. The effects of sulfuric acid concentration, leaching temperature, leaching time, and ratio of liquid to solid on zinc extraction rate were investigated by orthogonal experiment and single-factor experiment. The results show that zinc leaching rate from non-activated dusts is 96.78% under the conditions including ratio of liquid to solid of 8∶1, sulfuric acid concentration of

170 g/L, leaching temperature of

95 ℃ and leaching time of

90 min. To compare, zinc leaching rate from activated dusts is 98.19% under the conditions including ratio of liquid to solid of 7∶1, sulfuric acid concentration of

150 g/L, leaching temperature of

85 ℃ and leaching time of

75 min. key words:mechanical activation;

dusts of blast furnace iron making;

zinc;

leaching 随着我国高品位锌矿资源日益贫乏,从二次资源中回收金属锌显得尤为重要[1].目前,钢铁厂含锌粉尘的产量和其中的锌含量也不断增加,然而高锌尘泥(Zn≥1%)一般都是露天堆放为主[2],造成了资源浪费.据统计[3],我国钢铁企业每年粉尘产量0.5~0.6亿t,这些粉尘含有大量碳、锌、铅、钾和钠等元素,对这些粉尘的二次利用具有重大社会效益和现实意义[4-7].通常处理含锌物料的工艺主要有酸浸法和氨浸法[8-9],但是氨浸法浸出率不高且污染环境,而以硫酸为主的酸浸法越来越备注关注[10].由于普通的浸出过程很慢,而机械活化可以提高物质的反应活性[11],因此,机械活化应用于湿法冶金可以强化浸出过程.本文主要研究高炉炼铁烟尘的机械活化浸出与常规浸出的工艺比较,分别考察硫酸浓度、液固比、浸出时间、浸出温度对烟尘中锌浸出的影响,并获得最佳浸出工艺条件.

1 试验原料 试验所用烟尘为某冶炼厂的高炉炼铁烟尘,主要化学成分(%):TFe 13.

070、MgO 9.

800、S 0.

941、P 0.

001、TiO2 0.

817、Pb 1.

710、Zn 15.

950、K2O 0.

419、Na2O 0.

927、As 0.203.未活化烟尘:将烟尘置于DHG-9140A型电热鼓风干燥箱里100 ℃烘干5 h,冷却后备用;

活化烟尘:将未活化烟尘置于XQM-2L型球磨机(玛瑙球,球料比6∶1)中活化,取-0.0

74 mm物料进行试验.

2 试验方法 烟尘的浸出在烧杯中进行,用恒温磁力搅拌器进行加热搅拌反应,到达预定的浸出时间后,用真空泵进行抽滤,采用EDTA滴定法测定滤液中锌的浓度,并计算锌浸出率.