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doi:10.

3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2017.02.006 面向风电消纳的铝电解槽瞬态温度场的波动特性研究 何桂雄1,冉岭2,覃剑1,张红亮2,唐艳梅1 (1.中国电力科学研究院,北京 100192;

2.中南大学 冶金与环境学院,长沙 410083) 摘要:针对铝电解系列消纳风电过程中电流波动对热场作用过程不明确的现状,应用电热场瞬态强耦合模型对某420 kA大型铝电解槽在一个完整消纳周期内的热场进行研究.分别针对消纳电流为设计电流的2%、5%和10%三种情况,消纳持续周期为2 h,恢复周期为6 h,计算铝电解槽温度场的瞬态变化特性.结果表明,槽内各区域的温度均随着强化幅度的增加而增加,变化最大的区域为熔体区;

越靠近熔体区域的部分,温度的变化幅度越大;

而除导杆、钢爪外,越靠近槽壳表面部分,温度的变化幅度越小.在电流恢复至正常值期间,电解槽温度下降速度缓慢,需要比较长的时间才能恢复到正常值,故铝电解槽电流波动幅度不宜太大. 关键词:铝电解;

风电消纳;

温度场;

瞬态耦合 中图分类号:TF821 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1007-7545(2017)02-0000-00 Study on Fluctuation Characteristics of Instantaneous Temperature Field in Aluminum Electrolysis Pot for Wind Power Accommodation HE Gui-xiong1, RAN Ling2, QIN Jian1, ZHANG Hong-liang2, TANG Yan-mei1 (1. China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192, China;

2. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) Abstract:To solve the unclear effect of current fluctuation on temperature field during accommodating wind power by electrolysis pot, transient strongly coupled thermo-electric model was built to study thermal field of a

420 kA large-scale aluminum electrolysis pot during a complete accommodation cycle. With two-hour accommodation cycle and six-hour recovery cycle, transient variation characteristics of thermal field were calculated for different accommodation current, namely 2%, 5% and 10% of the design current. The results show that temperature of each region in pot rises with increase of enhancement amplitude, and the maximum temperature change occurs in melt zone. The region in pot closer to melt zone shows bigger change of temperature while the region closer to shell has smaller change of temperature except for aluminum rod and steel claw. Temperature of pot drops very slowly during a relatively long period when current return to design value. Therefore, the current fluctuation amplitude in aluminum electrolysis pot should not be too large. Key words:aluminum electrolysis;

wind power accommodation;

temperature field;

transient coupling 为有效解决铝电解的电力资源和风电的弃风问题,应用铝电解系列消纳风电的相关基础研究与工业试验已被提上日程[1-2].目前最大的难题在于铝电解系列消纳风电时势必会引起系列电流的波动,电流波动必定会使电解槽的温度场发生变化,而且对于铝电解槽来讲,温度场的变化关系到电解槽运行的稳定性.因此,电流波动时电解槽内各区域温度场的变化趋势如何、温度变化是否失控,需要通过瞬态电热场耦合计算进行严格而谨慎的分析与评估. 根据文献报道,对铝电解槽的电热场耦合计算已有不少研究.M Dupuis曾建立多个条件下的电热场进行研究[3-6],中南大学李驴翁庾檎攵月恋缃獠鄣缛瘸〉募扑阋步辛讼低车难芯[7-8],并提出了比较完善的电热场强耦合模型[9],徐顺生等曾对155 kA铝电解槽电流强化下的电热场进行了研究[10].但是这些电热场的研究大多都是稳态计算,对于面向风电消纳时电流瞬态波动下电解槽温度场的变化特性鲜有报道. 因此,本文以某420 kA铝电解槽为风电消纳的研究对象,通过加载瞬态强化的电流,建立起电热场瞬态强耦合模型,开展模拟风电消纳过程中温度场变化的计算和结果处理,分析电解槽在电流瞬态强化过程中各区域温度场的变化特性,归纳总结风电消纳对电解槽温度场的本质影响. 收稿日期:2016-10-19 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAA01B04);