DOC《南京林业大学》

南京林业大学 本科毕业设计(论文) 题目:P(DMC+SSS)两性荷电纳滤膜的研究 学院: 理学院 专业:高分子材料与工程 学号:

070804102 学生姓名: 程雪 指导教师: 曹绪芝 职称: 讲师 二O一一 年六月摘要纳滤膜是介于反渗透和超滤之间的一种压力驱动膜.

由于其操作压力低、渗透通量大、分离效率高、运行成本低等优点,成为近年来发展迅速的膜分离技术.随着纳滤膜在水处理、生物、医药等领域中的广泛应用,提高膜的亲水性已成为纳滤膜研究的热点.纳滤膜主要是考孔径大小和同种电荷相互排斥的原理来实现对离子的截留.针对表面荷电纳滤膜在高价反离子存在时截留率下降的现象,本文采用分步接枝法在PES超滤膜表面依次接枝DMC和SSS制备两性荷电纳滤膜,并系统研究该两性纳滤膜的制备条件以及它对高价盐溶液的分离性能.通过ATR-FTIR和表面水接触角的研究,结果表明膜表面的接枝率、亲水性随着辐照时间和单体在接枝溶液中的浓度的增加而增加. 此外,论文还系统研究了单体接枝顺序、单体浓度和接枝时间对膜的分离性能的影响.结果表明,用这种紫外接枝法接枝DMC和SSS到纳滤膜上的方法制成的亲水性两性荷电纳滤膜对盐溶液的截留性能与两种单体在接枝液中的接枝顺序、浓度和接枝时间有关.该膜对由高价同离子和高价反离子组成的盐溶液表现出优良的截留作用. 关键词:紫外辐照接枝、PES、两性纳滤膜、DMC、SSS Abstract Nanofiltration, a pressure-driven separation process, has various applications in many fields, especillay in water treatment and the separation of low molecular weight organic compounds. Because of its advantage such as low operating pressure, high fluxes, high retentions of multivalent salts, low investment and operation cost, this technology has rapidly developed in recent years. For the surface charge of nanofiltration membrane in the presence of high anti-ions decrease the rejection phenomenon,this paper step grafting method in PES or the surface of PEK-C ultrafiltration membrane graft followed by preparation of DMC and the SSS gender charged nanofiltration membrane, and systematically study the conditions for gender Nanofiltration Membrane and its separation performance of high salt solution. Analysis of ATR-FTIR and contact angles of the modified membrane showed that the grafting degree of the membrane and their hydrophilicity increased with the irradiation time and the monomer concentration in grafting solution. The effect of monomer concentration in solution and grafting time on the membrane performances was studied by measuring the pure water flux and salt retention. The results showed that the separation performances of the amphoteric nanofiltration membrane were related to the monomer concentration in solution and the grafting time of the two monomers. The membrane has high retention to salts composed of high valent co-ions and counterions. Keywords: UV irradiation;

PES;

amphoteric nanofiltration membrane;

methyl acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC);

sodium styrenesulfonate (SSS) 目录第1章 文献综述

1 1.1纳滤膜的定义及发展

1 1.2纳滤的基本原理

1 1.3纳滤膜的分离特点

1 1.4 荷电纳滤膜制备技术发展

3 1.4.1荷负电纳滤膜

3 1.4.2荷正电纳滤膜

4 1.4.3荷电镶嵌纳滤膜

5 1.5荷电纳滤膜的优点及应用前景

6 1.5.1荷电纳滤膜用于物质的分离具有许多优点