PDF《一种航空发动机稳频高能点火器》

第42 卷第

5 期应用科技Vol.

42 №.5

2015 年10 月Applied Science and Technology Oct.

2015 DOI:10.11991/ yykj.201508028 网络出版地址:http:/ / www.cnki.net/ kcms/ detail/ 23.1191.U.20150921.0833.002.html 一种航空发动机稳频高能点火器 边靖洲,车延博,冯宝国 天津大学 电气与自动化工程学院, 天津

300072 摘要:航空发动机点火系统的高能点火器将飞机电源或地面电源转化为高压电,供电嘴点火使用. 目前国内的直流高 能点火器基本上都是采用振子式和晶体管式的设计方法,前者的工作寿命和可靠性受到限制,后者直流高能点火器受供 电电压和工作温度的影响较大. 在此设计了一种脉宽调制原理的集成电路式新型稳频直流高能点火器,介绍了其工作 原理和硬件设计. 实现了航空发动机点火器由模拟电路向数字电路转变,同时设计了自动稳频电路,解决了航空点火器 火花频率不稳问题,并给出了一种更为安全可靠的放电电路,有效提高了点火器的工作寿命及可靠性. 关键词:点火器;

自动稳频电路;

充放电设计;

可靠性;

航空发动机;

火花频率 中图分类号:TJ818 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1009?671X(2015)05?014?05 A steady?frequency high?energy aero engine ignition unit BIAN Jingzhou, CHE Yanbo, FENG Baoguo College of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China Abstract:The high energy ignition unit belongs to aero engine ignition system, which transforms plane and ground power into high voltage electricity to ignite ignition plug. So far, the direct current (DC) high energy ignition units in China are mainly designed with trembler contacts and transistor. The DC high energy ignition unit designed with trembler is restricted by its working life and reliability, and that designed with transistor is seriously influenced by the power supply voltage and working temperature. This paper designed a new type of steady?frequency DC high en? ergy ignition unit with an integrated circuit based on the principle of pulse width modulation, and introduced the working principle, the component parts and design method. It achieved a transformation of aero engine'

s DC high energy ignition unit from analog circuit to digital circuit, designed a new type of automatic frequency stabilization circuit to solve the unstable spark frequency of aeroengine ignition unit, and designed a new type of electric dis? charge circuit to improve the working life and reliability of the high energy ignition unit. Keywords:ignition unit;

automatic frequency stabilization circuit;

charge and discharge design;

reliability;

aero engine;

spark frequency 收稿日期:2015?08?30. 网络出版日期:2015?09?21. 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(51407185). 作者简介:边靖洲(1990?),男,硕士研究生;

车延博(1972?),男,副教授. 通信作者:边靖洲,E?mail:417338841@ qq.com. 目前国内直流点火器基本上都是采用振子式和 晶体管式

2 种设计方案[1?2] ,但振子式点火器寿命 低、可靠性低、晶体管式点火器受环境温度和电源电 压影响较大[3] . 传统的自振式反激变换器(ringing choke converter, RCC)变换器模拟电路,点火器只能 依靠电路补偿的措施进行补救,但无法从根本上解 决问题. 因此必须研制新型的点火器,从而使点火 器的主要输出参数(火花频率)摆脱输入参数(电源 电压)和环境条件改变的影响. 从国外应用现状与 发展趋势来看,发动机点火器以电容放电系统为主, 同时使用了晶体管点火器取代振子型点火器,由于 取消了机械振子、消除了机械磨损,从而延长了使用 寿命[4?5] . 本文主要改进设计了集成电路式自动稳频电 路,通过调节电源的占空比,可以使火花频率基本上 不随输入电压和环境温度的变化而变化;