PDF《医用多孔 Ti 及钛合金的国内研究现状》

ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA 医用多孔 Ti 及钛合金的国内研究现状 ? 张二林

1 王晓燕

2 1 东北大学材料科学与工程学院材料各向异性与织构教育部重点实验室 沈阳

110819 2 东北大学冶金学院 沈阳

110819 摘要多孔 Ti 继承了钛合金较高的比刚度、比强度等物理化学特性、优异的耐腐蚀性和生物相容性, 其独特的孔隙结构又赋予其超低密度和大比表面积等特点,是结构功能一体化的人体替代材料,近年来在 临床医学领域得到了非常广泛的应用.

众多研究和应用表明,多孔 Ti 的性能和功能强烈依赖于不同方法 制备多孔 Ti 的孔隙结构.表面活化技术可显著提高多孔 Ti 的表面活性,缩短植入人体后的愈合期.本文 针对多孔 Ti 的结构和性能特点,介绍了多孔 Ti 的常见制备方法,对多孔 Ti 的表面改性、生物活性与骨 诱导性及国内的研究现状进行了总结,展望了生物医用多孔 Ti 及钛合金的发展. 关键词 多孔 Ti,钛合金,耐蚀性,生物相容性,制备方法,表面改性 中图分类号 TG146.23 文章编号 0412-1961(2017)11-0000-00 Research Status of Biomedical Porous Ti and Its Alloy ZHANG Erlin

1 , WANG Xiaoyan

2 1 Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

2 School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China Correspondent: ZHANG Erlin, professor, Tel: (024)83689400, E-mail: [email protected] Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81071262 and 31271024) Manuscript received 2017-07-31,in revised form 2017-08-31 ABSTRACT Porous Ti not only inherits the physical and chemical properties of titanium alloy, such as higher special stiffness, special strength, excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, but also its unique pore structure gives it the characteristic of ultra-low density and large surface area. It is an alternative material for human body with structural and functional integration. It has been widely used in the field of clinical medicien in recent years. Many research and applicatioons show that the properties and functions of porous Ti strongly depend on the pore structure of porous Ti prepared by different methods. Surface activation technology can significantly improve the surface activity of porous Ti and shorten the healing period after implantation. In this paper the common preparation methods of porous Ti were introduced based on the structure and properties of porous Ti. The surface modification, biological activity, osteoinductive properties of porous Ti and their domestic research status were summrized. The development of biomedical porous Ti and titanium alloys was prospected. 资助项目 国家自然科学基金项目 Nos.81071262 和31271024 收稿日期 20117-07-31 定稿日期 2017-08-31 作者简介 张二林,男,1968 年生,教授, 博士 通讯作者 张二林, E-mail: [email protected],主要从事金属基生物医学材料及其表面改性的研究 DOI 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00324 ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA KEY WORDS porous Ti, titanium alloy, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, preparation method, surface modification Ti 及钛合金具有低密度、高比强度、较好的耐蚀性、抗疲劳性和生物相容性,被认为是 目前最有吸引力的生物金属材料之一,早已成为骨植入和牙齿修复领域的临床首选材料.人 骨的弹性模量为 0.3~30 GPa[1] ,Ti 和钛合金的弹性模量为 50~114 GPa[1] ,弹性模量的不匹配 导致载荷不能由植入体很好地传递到相邻的骨组织,产生 应力屏蔽 现象,引起植入体的 松动甚至手术失败. 另外, 金属植入物与人体骨组织之间为简单的机械结合, 结合能力较弱, 影响植入物的使用寿命.可见,研发一种力学性能与骨组织匹配并能促进骨组织生长愈合的 新型医用材料具有非常重要的意义.因此,多孔钛植入物即 Ti 或钛合金中引入孔隙形成的多 孔结构越来越引起了更多研究者的关注. 多孔 Ti 与钛合金具有三维连通的开放孔隙结构,通过孔隙率、孔隙直径等参数的调整可 以使其弹性模量与自然骨更为接近,尽量避免 应力屏蔽 现象的发生[2] ,使之应用于人体 骨胳植入物、髋关节置换术等领域具有更多优势;