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56 ? ? à í ([email protected])March 27,

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56 ? ? à í ([email protected])March 27,

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56 ?: à ( ??? ?) í ([email protected])March 27,

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56 ?: à ( ??? ?) í ([email protected])March 27,

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1727 , ? ?(K¨ onigsberg) í ([email protected])March 27,

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56 G = (V, E)?è ? , V ?êè , E?V ? ? ;

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) í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 5 /

56 G = (V, E)?è ? , V ?êè , E?V ? ? ;

V ?? , E? (?) ;

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) í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 5 /

56 G = (V, E)?è ? , V ?êè , E?V ? ? ;

V ?? , E? (?) ;

? ? ;

) í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 5 /

56 G = (V, E)?è ? , V ?êè , E?V ? ? ;

V ?? , E? (?) ;

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) í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 5 /

56 G = (V, E)?è ? , V ?êè , E?V ? ? ;

V ?? , E? (?) ;

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) í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 5 /

56 G = (V, E)?è ? , V ?êè , E?V ? ? ;

V ?? , E? (?) ;

? ? ;

) í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 5 /

56 (?) ÷(Walk) ÷);

?(Trail) ?(Path) (Cycle, ù?(Euler, 1736): v∈V (G) d(v) = 2|E(G)|. ó?: ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 6 /

56 (?) ÷(Walk) ÷);

?(Trail) ?(Path) (Cycle, ù?(Euler, 1736): v∈V (G) d(v) = 2|E(G)|. ó?: ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 6 /

56 (?) ÷(Walk) ÷);

?(Trail) ?(Path) (Cycle, ù?(Euler, 1736): v∈V (G) d(v) = 2|E(G)|. ó?: ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 6 /

56 (?) ÷(Walk) ÷);

?(Trail) ?(Path) (Cycle, ù?(Euler, 1736): v∈V (G) d(v) = 2|E(G)|. ó?: ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 6 /

56 (?) ÷(Walk) ÷);

?(Trail) ?(Path) (Cycle, ù?(Euler, 1736): v∈V (G) d(v) = 2|E(G)|. ó?: ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 6 /

56 (?) ÷(Walk) ÷);

?(Trail) ?(Path) (Cycle, ù?(Euler, 1736): v∈V (G) d(v) = 2|E(G)|. ó?: ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 6 /

56 (?) ÷(Walk) ÷);

?(Trail) ?(Path) (Cycle, ù?(Euler, 1736): v∈V (G) d(v) = 2|E(G)|. ó?: ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 6 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? ?, í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? ?, : G = (V, E)?n ? , V ?? , ? ?G ? ? ?G í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? ?, : G = (V, E)?n ? , V ?? , ? ?G ? ? ?G è : í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? ?, : G = (V, E)?n ? , V ?? , ? ?G ? ? ?G è : ( ): ? G = (X, Y, E), ? ? ? ?êè X Y X Y í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? ?, : G = (V, E)?n ? , V ?? , ? ?G ? ? ?G è : ( ): ? G = (X, Y, E), ? ? ? ?êè X Y X Y í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? ?, : G = (V, E)?n ? , V ?? , ? ?G ? ? ?G è : ( ): ? G = (X, Y, E), ? ? ? ?êè X Y X Y ? : G Y ? í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ) : ? ? ? ?, : G = (V, E)?n ? , V ?? , ? ?G ? ? ?G è : ( ): ? G = (X, Y, E), ? ? ? ?êè X Y X Y ? : G Y ? k- ? : G ? ? ?k í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 7 /

56 ( ? ) G = (V, E), |V | = n, |E| = m;

í ([email protected])March 27,

2013 8 /

56 ( ? ) G = (V, E), |V | = n, |E| = m;