PDF《Directed Inspection & Maintenance》

Directed Inspection &

Maintenance and Infrared Leak Imaging 定向检修与红外泄漏检测成像 Methane to Markets : International Workshop on Methane Emission Reduction Technologies in the Chinese Oil and Natural Gas Industry 甲烷市场化:中国石油天然气公司降低甲烷排放技术国际会议 Qingdao, China(中国,青岛) 17-18 April, 2008(2008年4月17-18日)

2 2 Directed Inspection &

Maintenance and Infrared Leak Imaging Agenda 定向检修和红外线泄漏成像技术汇报提纲 ? China Oil and Gas Methane Emissions 中国油气系统的甲烷泄漏 ? Methane Losses 甲烷损失 ? Methane Recovery 甲烷回收 ? Remote Leak Detection 远程泄漏监测 ? Industry Experience 工业经验 ? Lessons Learned 取得的经验 Source: Hy-bon Engineering

3 3 China Oil and Gas Methane Emissions in

2005 2005年中国油气系统的甲烷排放

1 C EPA.

Global Anthropogenic Emissions of Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases 1990-

2020 (EPA Report 430-R-06-003). China emissions.

2 C Technology Drives Methane Emissions Down, Profits Up, Oil and Gas Journal, August 13,

2007 Note: It is assumed that all natural gas produced, goes through gas processing. Sources: Distribution

817 million m3 Production 3,477 million m3 38% 9% 42% Transmission 3,808 million m3 m3 = cubic meters Natural Gas Systems Emissions Petroleum Systems Emissions 52% 24% 24% Production

191 million m3 Transportation

87 million m3 Refining

87 million m3 11% Processing 1,018 million m3 石油系统泄漏 天然气系统泄漏 提炼 87百万立方米 运输 87百万立方米 生产 191百万立方米 传输 3,808百万立方米 销售 817百万立方米 生产 3,477百万立方米 加工 1,018百万立方米

4 4 Estimated Methane Losses from China Production 中国生产过程中的甲烷损失 ? Estimated fugitive emissions for the natural gas and oil production sectors are 3,668 million m3

1 C EPA. Global Anthropogenic Emissions of Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases 1990-2020 (EPA Report 430-R-06-003)

2 - Technology Drives Methane Emissions Down, Profits Up, Oil and Gas Journal, August 13,

2007 3 - Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2005 Offshore Operations

798 million m3 Gas Engine Exhaust

276 million m3 Well Venting and Flaring

208 million m3 Pneumatic Devices 1,355 million m3 Dehydrators and Pumps

402 million m3 Meters and Pipeline Leaks

208 million m3 Storage Tank Venting

145 million m3 Other Sources

276 million m3 Note: Offshore Operations and Other Sources include fugitive, vented, and uncombusted methane emissions. 中国油气生产部门逃逸性甲烷泄漏3,668百万立方米 储罐泄漏 145百万立方米 气动力学装置 1,355百万立方米 其他泄漏源 276百万立方米 气体引擎损耗 276百万立方米 脱水器和泵 402百万立方米 海上运行 798百万立方米 井排放和燃烧 208百万立方米 仪表和管线 208百万立方米

5 5 What is the Problem? 存在的问题 ? Natural gas equipment leaks are invisible and go unnoticed 天然气装置泄漏是不可见的,且未被注意到 ? Valves, connectors, compressor seals, open-ended lines (OELs), pipelines, and meters are major equipment leak sources 阀门、连接管、末端开口管线、管线和仪表是装置的主要泄漏源 Control Valves, Open-Ended Lines, 4.2% 4.0% 11.1% Other Flow Meters,0.2% Orifice Meters, 0.1% Pressure Relief Valves,3.5% Valves,26.0% Blowdowns, 0.8% Connectors, 24.4% Compressor Seals 23.4% Crankcase Vents, Pump Seals, 1.9% Pressure Regulators, 0.4% Source: Clearstone Engineering,