编辑: hyszqmzc | 2019-01-25 |
25 No.6 Mar.
2005 2005 年3月Proceedings of the CSEE ?2005 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng. 文章编号:0258-8013(2005)06-0161-05 中图分类号:TM911 文献标识码:A 学科分类号:470・40 直接甲醇燃料电池动态性能的研究 汪茂海,郭航,马重芳,贾杰林,刘v,叶芳,俞坚(北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院传热强化与过程节能教育部重点实验室,北京市 朝阳区 100022) STUDY OF DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF A DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL WANG Mao-hai, GUO Hang, MA Chong-fang, JIA Jie-lin, LIU Xuan, YE Fang, YU Jian (Key Laboratory of Enhanced Hest Transfer and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education of China, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, China) ABSTRACT: Dynamic response of direct methanol fuel cell is very important for the transportable applications. The experiments of the transient response of a single direct methanol fuel cell with 50cm2 active area were performed on a test system with a computer-controlled electronic load. The influence of shapes of current loading cycles including rectangle,triangle and trapezium and magnitude and slope of increasing current on the cell voltage response were studied. The results reveal that the cell responds rapidly to variable current change. The open circuit voltage of the cell under dynamic operating is higher than that under steady state owe to the reduction of mixed potential caused by methanol crossover. The interactions between transient behaviors of mass transfer and electrochemical reactions inside fuel cell significantly affect the dynamic operation of the direct methanol fuel cell. KEY WORDS: Cell;
Liquid feed direct methanol fuel cell;
Dynamic response;
Mass transfer 摘要: 直接甲醇燃料电池用作移动电源时, 电池的动态响应 特性特别重要. 该文作者利用自行设计的直接甲醇燃料电池 测试系统对一有效面积为 50cm2 的直接甲醇单体燃料电池 的动态性能进行了实验研究. 通过计算机控制电池负载的动 态变化. 实验研究了电流变化不同波形及各种波形下加载电 流大小、 斜率变化对电压信号动态响应的影响. 结果表明电 池电压对各种电流变化的响应很快. 动态负载时电池的开路 电压要比稳态运行时的高, 主要原因是因甲醇窜流造成的过 电势的减少. 电池内部电化学反应与传质瞬态变化的综合作 用对电池动态运行有着关键的影响. 关键词:电池;
液相进料直接甲醇燃料电池;
动态响应;
传质基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(50236010, 50028605) ;
中德科 学中心基金(GZ207(101/7)). Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50236010, 50028605).
1 引言 燃料电池是一种能将燃料和氧化剂的化学能 按照电化学的方式直接转化成电能的发电装置.由 于具有效率高(不受卡诺循环限制) 和环境友好等 优点,燃料电池这种新能源技术受到全世界广泛关 注[1-2] . 和其它种类的燃料电池相比, 直接甲醇燃料 电池(Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, DMFCs)系统具 有燃料能量密度高和储存方便、系统简单等优势, 在小型移动电源领域的应用很被看好[3-6] . 在液相进料的直接甲醇燃料电池中,甲醇溶液 在阳极催化剂的作用下发生氧化反应
3 2
2 CH OH H O CO 6H 6e + ? 1) 氧气在阴极催化剂的作用下发生还原反应
2 2 3/ 2O 6H 6e 3H O + ? + + → (2) 总的反应式