PDF《383818》

Technical Report Documentation Page 1.

Report No. UMTRI-2013-10 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient?s Catalog No. 4. Title and Subtitle 1970-2010 之间汽车燃油经济性,旅行距离,以及车载负荷对 于用于个人交通总燃料量的影响 5. Report Date February

2013 6. Performing Organization Code

383818 7. Author(s) Michael Sivak 8. Performing Organization Report No. UMTRI-2013-10 9. Performing Organization Name and Address The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute

2901 Baxter Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2150 U.S.A. 10. Work Unit no. (TRAIS) 11. Contract or Grant No. 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address The University of Michigan Sustainable Worldwide Transportation 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes The current members of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation include Autoliv Electronics, Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, China FAW Group, General Motors, Honda R&D Americas, Meritor WABCO, Michelin Americas Research, Nissan Technical Center North America, Renault, Saudi Aramco, Toyota Motor Engineering and Manufacturing North America, and Volkswagen Group of North America. Information about Sustainable Worldwide Transportation is available at http://www.umich.edu/~umtriswt. 16. Abstract 本研究考察了在美国汽车燃油经济性,行驶距离,车辆荷载(乘客数量)1970 年和

2010 年之间的变化,以及这些变化对于消耗的燃料量影响.数据分析包括了所有轻型车 辆. 结果表明,在这

40 年的时间内,车辆行驶距离增加了 155%.然而,由于车辆荷载 下降了 27%,导致乘客的行驶距离只提高了 84%.车辆的燃油经济性(针对整个轻型 车的种类)提高了 40%.然而,由于在车辆负载的减少,乘客的燃油经济性只提高了 17%.作为在车辆的燃油经济性,车辆的行驶距离,和车辆负载的整体变化的结果,所 用的总的燃料量增加了 53%. 本报告中还简要讨论了未来车辆的燃油经济性的影响,车辆行驶距离,车辆负载对所 使用的燃料量潜在的变化影响.考虑因素包括:车辆的燃油经济性提高会增加车辆行驶 距离,车辆负载增加会减少车辆的距离行驶和车辆的燃油经济性恶化的后果. 17. Key Words 能源, 个人交通, 驾驶, 车辆燃油经济性, 车辆行驶距离, 车辆负载, 燃油消耗 18. Distribution Statement Unlimited 19. Security Classification (of this report) None 20. Security Classification (of this page) None 21. No. of Pages

9 22. Price