PDF《3 种牡丹雄配子体发育的比较研究》

3 种牡丹雄配子体发育的比较研究 魏乐1袁2袁3 袁张怀刚

1 渊1.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所袁青海西宁 810001曰2.中国科学院研究生院袁北京 100049曰3.青海师范大学生命与 地理科学学院袁青海西宁 810008冤 摘要 [目的]为芍药科牡丹的引种栽培尧遗传育种和物种生物学研究提供全面的资料遥[方法]光镜下观察分属于芍药科

3 个种的

7 个 牡丹品种的雄配子体发育过程袁 并进行比较研究袁 探讨异型花粉与各品种结实率的关系遥[结果]

7 个品种普遍存在二型性花粉的现 象袁在花粉群体中有一小部分花粉普遍表现为体积小袁细胞质稀薄袁发育迟缓袁且大部分将停滞发育袁但仍有极少数在体内沿着孢子 体途径发育到

3 核水平遥小孢子四分体的排列方式除正常的正四面体形袁所有品种中均存在少数排列为左右对称的四分体和减数分 裂及小孢子发育不同步的现象遥异常花粉的发生率表现出明显的种间差异及品种间分化袁而各品种能育花粉的数量与种子结实率并 不完全成正比遥[结论]减数分裂不同步及异常是导致异常花粉形成的主要原因袁异型花粉是导致结实率低的原因之一遥 关键词 木质牡丹曰发育曰雄配子体 中图分类号 S685.11 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611 渊2008冤02-00509-03 Comparative Study on the Development of Male Gametes of

3 Peonies Species WEI Le et al (Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810001) Abstract [Objective] The purpose was to supply all-around data for introduction and cultivation, heredity and breeding and species biology researches of peony, peony family. [Method] Under light microscope, the gametes development courses of

7 peony varieties belonging to

3 species of peony families were observed and were compared to discuss the relationship between heterotype pollen and fruiting rate of each variety. [Result] Seven varieties had dimorphic pollen generally. In pollen population, a fraction of pollens generally showed to be small in volume, thin in cytoplasm, and slow in development, most of which would stagnate development, but very few pollens developed to

3 -nucleus level along sporophyte approach in body yet. The arrangement mode of sporule tetrads had a few tetrads arranging bilateral symmetrically except for normal regular tetrahedron shape and there were unsynchronized phenomena of meiosis and sporule development in all the varieties. The occurrence rate of abnormal pollen showed obvious difference in interspecies and differentiation among varieties, but the fertile pollen quantities of various varieties had incompletely direct ratio to fruiting rates of seeds. [Conclusion] Unsynchronized and abnormal meiosis was the main reason causing the formation of abnormal pollen and heterotype pollen was one of reasons inducing low fruiting rate. Key words Woody peony;

Development;

Male gametes 安徽农业科学袁允燥怎则灶葬造 燥枣 粤灶澡怎蚤 粤早则蚤援 杂糟蚤援 圆园园8袁36渊2冤院509-511 责任编辑 张杨林 责任校对 王淼着花粉壁袁呈双凸镜状袁营养核位于生殖细胞上方接近花粉 中央的位置遥接着便发生了生殖细胞进入营养细胞的过程遥 首先生殖细胞壁从两侧与花粉壁的连接处沿着花粉内壁向 心地生长袁........