编辑: 被控制998 | 2019-07-10 |
7524/AJE.1673-5897.20180821001 张美, 楼巧婷, 邵倩文, 等. 全氟化合物污染现状及风险评估的研究进展, 14(3): Zhang M, Lou Q T, Shao Q W, et al. Research progress of perfluorinated compounds pollution status and risk assessment [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 14(3): (in Chinese) 全氟化合物污染现状及风险评估的研究进展 张美 1,2 ,楼巧婷
1 ,邵倩文 1,2 ,毛硕乾
1 ,李[
1 ,林忠洲 1,2,* 1. 宁波海洋研究院,宁波
315832 2. 宁波大学海洋学院,宁波
315823 收稿日期:2018-08-21 录用日期:2019-1-18 摘要:全氟化合物(Polyfluorinated Compounds, PFCs)是近年来受到广泛关注的一类新型持久 性有机污染物.PFCs 因具有优良的化学稳定性、耐热性以及高表面活性,而被广泛应用于 生活消费和工业生产等领域.PFCs 具有难降解、生物富集和长距离迁移等特点,已在大气、 土壤和水体等环境介质及生物体中检出.在生态环境中,PFCs 能够通过食物链不断传递放 大,其具有的多种毒性效应已对生态系统和人类造成了一定的威胁.本文主要综述了 PFCs 在各类环境介质的污染现状、生物的毒性效应、人类摄入健康风险评估以及 PFCs 的降解研 究,以期为未来 PFCs 的研究提供参考. 关键词:全氟化合物;
污染现状;
风险评估;
降解 文章编号:中图分类号:X171.5?文献标志码:A Research Progress of Perfluorinated Compounds Pollution Status and Risk Assessment Zhang Mei1,2 , Lou Qiaoting1 , Shao Qianwen1,2 , Mao Shuoqian1 , Li Fan1 , Lin Zhongzhou1,2,* 1. Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China 2. School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315823, China Received
21 August
2018 Accepted
18 January2019 Abstract: As a category of emerging Persistent Organic Pollutants, Polyfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. PFCs are widely used in the life consumerism and industry due to their chemical stability, thermal stability and high surface activity. PFCs could be detected from vavious environmental media, such as atmosphere, soil and water because of their hard-degradable characteristic,bioaccumulation potential and toxicity. In the ecological environment, PFCs can be amplified through the food chain, and its toxic effects have posed a certain threat to the ecosystem and human. In this paper, we mainly reviewed the pollution status, toxicity effect, health risk assessment and study on degradation of PFCs, which 基金项目:宁波三门湾区域生态环境监测与评估(宁波市发改委项目-SYHS201806) 作者简介:张美(1992-),女,博士研究生,研究方向为海洋生态学,E-mail: [email protected] * 通讯作者(Corresponding author),E-mail: [email protected] provides the theoretical basis for PFCs research in the future. Keywords: Polyfluorinated compounds ;
pollution status;
risk assessment;
degradation 自20 世纪
50 年代以来,PFCs 因具有优良的热稳定性、高表面活性以及疏水疏油性能, 被大量应用于化工电镀、涂料、纺织、皮革、合成洗涤剂、炊具制造和消防设施等诸多生产 活动.近年来,随着对 PFCs 研究的深入,发现 PFCs 除具有优良的化学性质以外,还具有 难降解、远距离迁移和生物蓄积及多种毒性效应.PFCs 污染已遍及全球各类生态系统,甚 至在极地各类环境介质和动物组织中也检出 PFCs.当PFCs 在动物和人体内的蓄积到达一 定浓度阈值,会产生相应的毒性效应,包括脏器毒性、神经毒性、免疫和内分泌毒性、生殖 毒性和致癌性.然而,因发展的需求,部分 PFCs 的生产和使用量仍与日俱增.因此,各类 环境介质中 PFCs 的污染现状、降解方法以及对生物的健康风险值得关注和更深入的研究.