PDF《EcoSecurities Group plc》

Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc EcoSecurities Group plc 益可环境国际金融集团公司 Kyoto Protocol, CDM, JI and the Carbon Market from A to Z关于《京都议定书》、清 洁发展机制、联合履行机制、碳市场的全面 介绍 Paul Soffe

30 October

2007 2007年10月30日Methane to Markets, Beijing 甲烷市场化,北京 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

2 EcoSecurities公司简介 EcoSecurities is a leading company in the business of sourcing, developing and trading carbon credits in the global carbon market.

EcoSecurities公司从事碳信用额度的寻购、 开发和交易,是该领域全球领先的公司. Founded in 1997, EcoSecurities'

project portfolio today is comprised of: EcoSecurities 公司于1997年成立.目前,公司的项目组合包括: >

Over

60 projects registered or submitted for registration with the CDM Executive Board 已有60多个项目在清洁 发展机制执行理事会登记注册或已提交 登记注册 >

Over

200 projects validated or submitted for validation 200多个项目已 通过合格性审查或已提交合格性审查 >

Developed and/or contributed to more than

10 UN approved methodologies 开 发或参与开发10多个获得联合国批准的 方法学 >

Over

300 of the projects have secured financing and over

250 are under construction or operational有超过 300个项目已获得融资,有250多个项目 在建或已投入运行 >

426 projects at different stages of the CDM cycle 426个处于项目周期 不同阶段的清洁发展机制项目 >

spanning

36 countries, using

18 technologies项目分布在全球36个国 家,使用18种技术 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

3 全球业务和全球分支机构 * No legal presence but EcoSecurities has entered into contracts with individuals to act as EcoSecurities representatives 未建立正式的代表处,但与当地个人签订 有合同,由这些人士担任EcoSecurities公司的代理人. 在20多个国家设有分支机构,在36个国家从事清洁发展机制项目或联合履行机制 项目 Oxford牛津 New York 纽约 Portland 波特兰 Los Angeles洛杉矶 Mexico City 墨西哥城 Rio de Janeiro里约热内卢 Santiago de Chile 智利的圣地亚哥 Dublin 都柏林 Paris* 巴黎 Madrid* 马德里 The Hague 海牙 Casablanca, Morocco摩洛哥的卡萨布兰卡 Johannesburg 约翰内斯堡 Karachi, Pakistan*巴基斯坦的卡拉奇 Mumbai 孟买 Bangkok 曼谷 Beijing 北京 Chengdu 成都 Philippines 菲律宾 Kuala Lumpur 吉隆坡 Jakarta 雅加达 Guatemala 危地马拉 Jordan 约旦 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

4 演示议程 >

Kyoto, CDM &

JI《京都议定书》、清洁发展机制和联合履行机制 C Background on Kyoto &

the flexible mechanisms 《京都议定书》及 灵活履约机制 的背景介绍 C How it works;

CDM &

JI 清洁发展机制和联合履行机制的实施机制介绍 C Project distribution项目分布 >

ABC'

s of the Carbon Market 碳市场简介 C Sources of demand for emission reductions. 减排量的需求方 C The EU ETS and other markets for CERs. 欧盟排放贸易体系和其他 经核证减排 量 的交易市场 C Supply of CERs 经核证减排量 的供应 C Price drivers and historic prices 影响碳价格的主要因素和历史价格 >

Back to the future;

hope for post

2012 展望未来;

2012年后的发展 C Facts and predictions 事实和预测 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

5 Kyoto, CDM &

JI 《京都议定书》、清洁发展机制和 联合履行机制 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

6 ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation The Kyoto Protocol 《京都议定书》 ? The Kyoto protocol: Aims to reduce GHG emissions by

2012 and distinguish two types of countries: 《京都议定书》:旨在减少到2012年的温室气体排放.《京都议定书》的缔约 国被划分为两大类国家: ? Annex I countries附件1国家: With binding emission targets for industrialised countries:有约束减排义务和目标的工业化国家,包括: ? West and Eastern Europe, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Russia , Ukraine 西欧和东欧国家、加拿大、日本、新西兰、俄罗斯、乌克兰 ? Non-Annex I countries 非附件1国家: With voluntary participation of developing countries :无具体减排义务和目标的发展 中国家,包括: ? China , India, South Africa, Philippines, Uruguay, Brazil, China, etc. 中国、印度、南非、菲律宾、乌拉圭、巴西等 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

7 Annex I附件1国家 The Kyoto protocol 《京都议定书》 Non-Annex I非附件1国家 Not ratified尚未批准《京都议定书》的国家 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

8 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc GHGs Regulated by Kyoto Protocol《京 都议定书》规定须减排的温室气体种类 Hydrofluorocarbons (HFC)氟烷GWP全球增暖潜势值: 11,700 Hydrofluorocarbons (HFC)氟烷GWP全球增暖潜势值: 11,700 Methane (CH4)甲烷GWP全球增暖潜势 值:

21 Methane (CH4)甲烷GWP全球增暖潜势 值:

21 Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)六氟化硫 GWP全球增暖潜势值: 23,900 Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)六氟化硫 GWP全球增暖潜势值: 23,900 Nitrous oxide (N2O)氧化亚氮 GWP全球增暖潜 势值:

310 Nitrous oxide (N2O)氧化亚氮 GWP全球增暖潜 势值:

310 Perfluorocarbons (PFC)全 氟化碳 GWP全球增暖潜势值: 9,200 Perfluorocarbons (PFC)全 氟化碳 GWP全球增暖潜势值: 9,200 Carbon dioxide (CO2)二氧化碳 GWP全球增暖潜 势值:

1 Carbon dioxide (CO2)二氧化碳 GWP全球增暖潜 势值:

1 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

9 《京都议定书》 ? Flexible mechanisms allow countries to achieve their emission targets in a cost effective way 灵活履约机制 使各国能以更有成本效益的方式来达到其减排目标 C Emission Trading (trading of allowances between Annex I governments) 温室气体排放贸易(《京都议定书》附件1国家政府之间的温室气体排放贸 易) ? AAUs 分配数量单位 C Joint Implementation (projects between Annex I countries)联合履行机制 ( 《京都议定书》附件1国家之间开展的项目) ? Emission Reduction Units (ERUs) 减排量单位 C Clean Development Mechanism (projects in Non-Annex I countries with participation of Annex I countries) 清洁发展机制(有《京都议定书》附件1 国家参与的、在非附件1国家开展的项目) ? Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) 经核证的减排量 The costs of compliance differ greatly worldwide各国为达到《京都议 定书》规定的减排目标而产生的成本,有很大不同 Carbon credits - origination to commercialisation ?

2006 EcoSecurities Group plc

10 CDM/JI Finance and Investment possibilities清洁 发展机制项目和联合履行机制项目获得融资和投资的可能性 Additional revenue generated by the sale of CERs &

ERUs creates an opportunity for securing partial or complete finance for project development. 通过出售 经核证减排量 和 减排量单位 产生额外收入,使得清洁发展机制项 目和联合履行机制项目的开发有机会获得部分或全部资金支持. CERs &

ERUs can facilitate financing by: 出售 经核证减排量 和 减排量单 位 可以: >

Generating revenue that alone justifies the development of the project in some sectors (Landfills, N2O, HFCs, AD, EE, others) 产生足够的收入,使一些行业的相关项目开发获得资金支持(如垃圾填埋 项目、氧化亚氮减排项目、氟烷减排项目、厌氧发酵项目、节能项目等) >

Improving the IRR of projects (renewable energy, forestry, all others) 提高项目的内部收益率(如可再生能源项目、林业项目、其他项 目等) >

Improving the environmental reputation of the host company提 高项目东道国在环保........