PDF《Day 2 – Section 5: Construction –》

39 施工步骤

7 Construction steps

7 ? 覆盖发酵池:Cover the cell: C 建造盖子 C Fabricate the cover, C 焊接盖子 C Weld the cover, C 安装盖子 C Install the cover, C 固定盖子 C Attach the cover, C 在盖子上附加重物 C Add cover weighting, C 增加盖子压力系统 C Add cover pressure system.

第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps

40 覆盖发酵池 C 建造盖子 Cover the cell - Fabricate The Cover 照片摄于墨西哥 Picture from Mexico 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps

41 覆盖发酵池- 焊接盖子 Cover the cell - Weld The Cover 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps 照片摄于墨西哥 Picture from Mexico

42 覆盖发酵池 C 安装盖子 Cover the cell - Install The Cover 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps 照片摄于墨西哥 Picture from Mexico

43 覆盖发酵池- 固定盖子 Cover the cell - Attach The Cover 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps 照片摄于墨西哥 Picture from Mexico

44 覆盖发酵池C 在盖上附加重物 Cover the cell C Add cover weights 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps 照片摄于墨西哥 Picture from Mexico

45 盖子配重 Cover weighting 盖子上的重物是装有沙子的管子,用以: Cover weights are sand weighted pipes put on top of the, cover to: (1) 将水引导至发酵池的特定地点,便于降雨管理;

help rainfall management by conducting the water to certain point of the lagoon, (2) 减少风力产生的土工膜压力;

reduce stress of the geomembrane from winds, (3)保证对收集沼气的周边产生正压. ensure positive pressure towards the perimeter where gas is collected. 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps

46 施工步骤

8 Construction steps

8 ? 安装长明灯和气体滑道 ? Install the flare and gas skid 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps

47 安装长明灯和气体滑道1/2 Install the Flare and Gas Skid 1/2 第二天 C 第五部分: 施工C 施工步骤 Day

2 C Section 5: Construction C Construction steps 照片摄于墨西哥 Picture from Mexico

48 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护 Section 6: Start-up and O&

M ? 发酵池启动 Digester Start-up ? 发酵池操作 Digester Operation C 盖子操作 Cover Operation C 污泥清除 Sludge removal C 极端事件 Extreme events ? 发酵池维护 Digester Maintenance C 日常 Daily C 每月 Monthly C 季度 Quarterly C 年度 Annually 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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49 发酵池启动 Digester Start-up ? 接种污泥 ? Seed sludge 从运作良好的发酵池中,使用适量接种污泥.最好从先前 抽空的发酵池中保存材料. Use an adequate amount of seed sludge from a digester which is operating satisfactorily. Preferably material saved from the original lagoon that was pumped out ? 受控的自然过程 ? Controlled natural process 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

2 C Section 6: Start-up and O&

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50 发酵池操作 Digester operation 盖子操作 Cover Operation 1. 水位:发酵池应在规定的水位操作范围内操作. WATER LEVEL: The digester should be operated within the water level operating range specified. 2. 压力: 压载物不能承受盖子下面过大的沼气正压. PRESSURE: The ballast weights are not designed to overcome excessive positive gas pressure under the cover. 3. 盖子上的水: 每次降雨后应抽空盖子上的水. WATER ON THE COVER: Water should be pumped off of the cover after every rain event. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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51 发酵池操作 Digester operation 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

2 C Section 6: Start-up and O&

M C Start-up 污泥清除 Sludge Removal ? 已安装的抽泥管道用于清除发酵池中整层的污泥. ? The installed sludge draw-off pipes are designed to remove sludge across the entire floor of the digester. ? 需要定期清除污泥,以防止发酵池处理量的大幅降低和污泥的淤积. ? The sludge will have to be removed periodically to prevent a significant reduction in treatment volume in the digester and accumulation of sludge. ? 理想情况下,污泥在取样和测试后被 施用于农田. ? Ideally the sludge should be applied to cropland after sampling and testing of the sludge.

52 发酵池操作 Digester operation 极端事件 Extreme events 1. 强风: HIGH WIND EVENTS: ? 整个盖子将能承受每小时90英里的阵风. ? The cover system will withstand wind gusts up to 90mph. ? 如果出现长时间的连续强风,建议在盖子上加入大量水. ? If prolonged high winds are expected, it is recommended to flood the cover with water. ? 在盖子上加水能保持盖子平衡,保护盖子不受强风和飞扬碎屑的破 坏. ? Flooding the cover will provide additional ballast to protect the cover against wind damage and damage from flying debris. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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53 发酵池操作 Digester operation 2. 大雨: HEAVY RAIN EVENTS: ? 降大雨时,已安装的潜水泵可能无法跟上降雨量. ? In heavy rain events the installed submersible pumps may not keep up with rainfall. ? 可能出现局部积水. ? Localized ponding can occur. ? 可能需要额外的便携式潜水泵以清除雨水. ? Additional portable submersible pumps may be required to keep up with rainwater removal. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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54 雨后将水抽出盖子 Pumping the water out of the cover after a rain event 第二天 C 第七部分: 疑难问题处理 C 物理问题 Day

2 C Section 7: Troubleshooting C Physical Problems 盖子上的水 Water on the cover

55 发酵池操作 Digester operation 3. 停电: POWER OUTAGES: ? 当沼气被鼓风机移除时,停电能使盖子膨胀并被强风破坏. ? When the biogas is removed by a blower, a power outage can result in the cover inflating and being damaged by high winds. ? 严重的天气状况可能导致停电,此时应关掉鼓风机, 打开鼓风机旁 道和紧急通风口. ? When a severe weather event is forecast, which may result in a power outage, the blower should be shut off, the blower bypass and emergency vent opened. ? 应排放沼气以防止盖子膨胀,并且在盖子上加水以保持平衡. ? The gas should be allowed to vent off to prevent inflation of the cover, in addition to flooding the cover with water to ballast it. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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56 发酵池维护 Digester Maintenance 日常 DAILY ? 盖子系统:Cover system: C 检查周边Inspection around the perimeter, C 清除碎屑Remove debris, C 检查坑洞、裂缝或泄露处Check for holes, tears or leaks, C 确保仪表显示正常流量.盖子没有膨胀. Meter registering normal flow. Cover not inflated. ? 盖子上的水:Water on the cover: C 注意沿压载物周围的水量.抽水泵是必需的. Note amount of water along ballast weights. Pump as necessary. C 过量的积水阻碍沼气流通并产生气泡. Excessive water ponding can block gas migration and cause bubbles. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

2 C Section 6: Start-up and O&

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57 发酵池维护 Digester Maintenance ? 设备: ? Equipment: C 脱湿器(P-traps) 中充满水并溢出, C Moisture separators (P-traps) are full of water and overflowing, C 长明灯照射正常, Flare burning properly, C 点火器运作正常.Igniter working properly. ? 一般 ? General C 关闭并锁住沼气设备储存场地的大门, C Gate to gas equipment enclosure is closed and locked, C 警告标志贴放在适当位置,Warning signs are in place, C 泵输出端口的盖子等处于原位.Caps on pump out ports etc. are in place. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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58 发酵池维护 Digester Maintenance 每月 MONTHLY 除了日常维护步骤之外: In addition to the daily steps: ? 在盖子上走动进行整体检查. ? Observe cover system by walking out onto the cover for a general inspection. ? 寻找断裂的压载物和/或捆绑带. ? Look for broken ballast weights and/or straps. ? 清除重物周围的任何碎屑. 碎屑能加快盖子磨损. ? Remove any debris trapped near the weights. This will accelerate cover wear. ? 检查废水收集池,清除任何碎屑, 清洁水泵过滤器. ? Check pump sump, remove any debris, clean pump strainer ? 检查水泵的油量.颜色为乳白色的油代表密封性差. ? Check oil level in pumps. Milky oil color indicates seal failure. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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59 ? 检查电线电缆的状况 (水泵、点火器). ? Check condition of cables and wires (pumps, igniter). ? 检查电压输出和电池电压(点火器太阳电池板、数据记录器太阳能电 池板). ? Check voltage output and battery voltage (igniter solar panel, data logger solar panel). ? 检查电池/设备架的接地线是否连接到接地棒. ? Check battery/equipment stand ground wire connected to ground rod. ? 从数据记录器中下载数据. ? Download the data from the data logger. 发酵池维护 Digester Maintenance 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

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60 发酵池维护 Digester Maintenance 季度 QUARTERLY 除了日常和每月的步骤之外:In addition to the daily and the monthly steps: ? 检查接缝和之前的补丁以保持完整性. ? Check seams and previous patches for integrity. ? 检查长明灯的燃烧嘴.如有必要进行清洁.保证它们在同一高度. ? Check the flare burners. Clean if required. Verify they are level. ? 更换水泵里的油 ? Change oil in pumps. ? 检查耐火材料是否在正确位置. ? Verify that the refractory material is in its right position. ? 检查污泥的淤积量. ? Check amount of sludge accumulated. 第二天C 第六部分: 启动、操作和维护C 启动 Day

2 C Section 6: Sta........