PDF《入侵种银胶菊和三叶鬼针草与本地种气体交换特性的 比较》

第36 卷第

18 期2016 年9月生态学报ACTA ECOLOGICA SINICA Vol.

36,No.18 Sep.,2016 http:/ / www.ecologica.cn 基金项目:天津市自然科学基金(12JCQNJC09800);

公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201103027, 200803022) 收稿日期:2015?04?29;

网络出版日期:2016?01?05 ?通讯作者 Corresponding author.E?mail: huangfu24@ 163.com DOI: 10.5846/ stxb201504290889 陈新微, 李慧燕, 刘红梅, 杨殿林, 皇甫超河.入侵种银胶菊和三叶鬼针草与本地种气体交换特性的比较.生态学报,2016,36(18):5732?5740. Chen X W, Li H Y, Liu H M, Yang D L, Huangfu C H.Comparison of gas exchange characteristics between invasive Parthenium hysterophorus and Bidens pilosa and co?occurring native Cirsium setosum (Asteraceae).Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(18):5732?5740. 入侵种银胶菊和三叶鬼针草与本地种气体交换特性的 比较 陈新微1 , 李慧燕2 , 刘红梅2 , 杨殿林2 , 皇甫超河1,2,?

1 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳

110866 2 农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津

300191 摘要:以菊科入侵植物银胶菊(Parthenium hysterophorus) 和三叶鬼针草 ( Bidens pilosa) 以及与其共生的菊科本地植物小蓟 (Cirsium setosum)为对象,比较了

3 种植物气体交换参数和叶片特性的差异. 结果表明,银胶菊和三叶鬼针草的净光合速率 (net photosynthetic rate, Pn )、叶绿素含量、比叶面积(specific leaf area, SLA)、叶片单位质量 P 含量(leaf P content per unit mass, Pmass )、光合能量利用效率(photosynthetic energy use efficiency, PEUE)和光合氮利用效率(photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, PNUE)均显著高于小蓟. 植物叶片 Pn 与水分利用效率(water use efficiency, WUE)、叶片 Pmass 、SLA 呈极显著正相关,植物叶片 单位质量 N 含量(leaf P content per unit mass, Nmass )与叶片 SLA、单位质量建成成本(leaf construction cost per unit mass, CCmass )、 叶绿素含量呈极显著正相关. 与本地植物相比,较高的气体交换参数和叶片生化指标有可能是银胶菊和三叶鬼针草成功入侵 的原因之一. 关键词:入侵植物;

银胶菊;

三叶鬼针草;

净光合速率;

水分利用效率;

叶片特性 Comparison of gas exchange characteristics between invasive Parthenium hysterophorus and Bidens pilosa and co?occurring native Cirsium setosum (Asteraceae) CHEN Xinwei1 , LI Huiyan2 , LIU Hongmei2 , YANG Dianlin2 , HUANGFU Chaohe1,2,?

1 College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China

2 Agro?Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China Abstract: The severe damage caused by some invasive species on natural ecosystems is prompting increasing global concern. Many studies have focused on exotic invasive species. Generally, exotic invasive plants have higher resource capture abilities and utilization capacities, and lower leaf construction costs (CC) compared with native plants. However, the physiological mechanisms that determine their invasiveness are poorly understood. Both Parthenium hysterophorus and Bidens pilosa are annual herbs originating from tropical and Central America. These have been introduced into China unintentionally through agriculture, or intentionally for ornamental purposes, and have become an extremely serious agricultural and rangeland weed, threatening native fauna, and are a physical nuisance. We hypothesized that exotic invaders may have higher resource capture abilities and utilization efficiencies compared with native species. To test this hypothesis, ecophysiological traits including net photosynthetic rate (Pn ), water use efficiency ( WUE), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), photosynthetic energy use efficiency (PEUE), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf P content http:/ / www.ecologica.cn per unit mass (Pmass ), leaf N content per unit mass ( Nmass ), chlorophyll content, and mass?based and area?based leaf construction cost (CCmass and CCarea ) were measured. We compared the above traits between P. hysterophorus, B. pilosa, and the co?occurring native (Cirsium setosum) populations in Shandong, China. The results showed that the Pn , chlorophyll content, leaf SLA, leaf Pmass , PEUE, and PNUE of P. hysterophorus and B. pilosa were significantly higher than those of C. setosum (P小蓟,而3种植物叶片 HC 之间并没有显著差异. 两种入侵植物的 PEUE 和PNUE 也显著高于本地植物小蓟. 表23种植物叶片特性的比较 Table