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4 个组 O. sect. Oudemansiella、Mucidula、Dactylosporina 和Radicatae 的新系统.小奥德蘑组 sect. Oudemansiella 包括热带至南温带的一些物种,如新热带小奥德蘑 O. platensis、澳洲小奥德蘑 O. australis、旧热带小奥德蘑 O. canarii 和宽褶小奥德蘑 O. crassifolia,这些物种的菌盖表皮为粘栅栏型,由菌丝组成,但其 中常夹杂有链状排列的膨大细胞.粘蘑组 sect. Mucidula 包含北半球温带至亚热带的一些物种,如粘小奥德蘑 O. mucida、网 褶小奥德蘑 O. venosolamellata 和近粘小奥德蘑 O. submucida,其菌盖表皮为粘子实层-栅栏型,由近棒状的顶端膨大细胞组 成.小奥德蘑组和粘蘑组的物种,在外形和小生境上有相似之处,其担子果皆生于地表外的腐木上,菌柄上有或无菌环.刺 孢组 sect. Dactylosporina 包含中南美洲那些孢子表面有指状凸起的物种.长根组 sect. Radicatae 由长根小奥德蘑 O. radicata 及其近缘种为代表,是该属中最大的组,包括该属其他三组之外的所有种.北美的 O. americana、欧洲的 O. caussei 和东亚 的O. hongoi 曾被置于小奥德蘑属中的白毛组 O. sect. Albotomentosae 或干蘑属的亮毛组 X. sect. Hyalosetae,在本系统中它们 没有纳入小奥德蘑属,因为它们可能代表一个单独的属.本文还提出了

1 新等级、32 个新组合和

1 个新名称. 关键词:担子菌,新组合,新名称,命名法,系统学,分类学 INTRODUCTION The genus Oudemansiella Speg. was proposed by Spegazzini (1881) based on the Neotropical Agaricus platensis Speg. Mucidula Pat. (1887) initially included only A. mucidus Schrad.: Fr. from Europe. Boursier (1924) emended Mucidula to include A. longipes Bull. and A. radicatus Relhan. The genus Xerula Maire was proposed by Maire (1933) based on A. longipes. Moser (1955) merged Xerula and Mucidula into Oudemansiella. Singer (1962a, 1962b, 1964, 1986) adapted Moser'

s treatment, yet regarded Xerula as a subgenus within the genus Oudemansiella. Clémen?on (1979) provided a classification of Oudemansiella and treated Xerula as one of five subgenera within Oudemansiella based on a computer-aided study of

16 morphological characters, while Pegler &

Young (1987) divided Oudemansiella into five sections under two subgenera, Oudemansiella and Xerula. The treatment of Pegler &

Young (1987) was adopted by Rexer &

Kost (1989a, b), Yang &

Zang (1993), Yang (2000) and Mizuta (2006). Some mycologists retained Oudemansiella and Xerula as two separate genera (D?rfelt 1979;

Boekhout &

Bas 1986;

Redhead et al. 1987;

Petersen &

Halling 1993;

Petersen &

Methven 1994;

Corner 1994, 1996;

Boekhout 1999;

Halling &

Mueller 1999;

Contu 2000;

Petersen 2000;

Mueller et al. 2001;

Petersen &

Hughes 2005;

Horak 2005;

Petersen &

Nagasawa 2006;

Petersen &

Baroni 2007;

Petersen 2008a, 2008b, 2008c). Among the contributions to the study of Oudemansiella-Xerula, D?rfelt'

s work has had great influence. He greatly emended the genus Xerula by transferring sections Albotomentosae Clémen?on, Protoxerula Clémen?on and Radicatae Clémen?on from Oudemansiella to Xerula, and restricting Oudemansiella only to species with a (rudimentary) annulus, such as O. mucida and O. canarii (D?rfelt 1979, 1980a, 1980b, 1981, 1983, 1984). His concept was followed by other authors, and many species have subsequently been transferred from Oudemansiella to, or newly described in, Xerula. Several section names, e.g., Albotomentosae (Clémen?on) D?rfelt, Hyalosetae D?rfelt, Radicatae and Xerula have been erected in Xerula which has been divided into three subgenera, viz. Xerula, Radicatae D?rfelt and Ixoflammula Contu (D?rfelt 1980b;