PDF《考虑分时电价的地源热泵系统随机运行优化策略》

第47 卷第12 期 电力系统保护与控制 Vol.

47 No.12 2019年6月16日Power System Protection and Control June 16,

2019 DOI: 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.180874 考虑分时电价的地源热泵系统随机运行优化策略 陈程1,陈星莺 1,2 ,张健钊

1 ,余昆1,2 ,甘磊1,2 (1.河海大学能源与电气学院,江苏 南京 211100;

2.江苏省配用电与能效工程技术研究中心,江苏 南京 211100) 摘要:地源热泵电采暖相较于其他采暖系统具有更高的社会效益及经济效益.为提高地源热泵系统的用电能效, 提出了一种基于分时电价的地源热泵随机运行优化策略.提出了一种用户热负荷计算方法.在此基础上,以兼顾 用电费用最省和热舒适度最优为优化目标,基于机会约束规划理论,建立了计及不确定性的地源热泵系统随机运 行优化模型.采用改进 PSO 算法进行求解,得到地源热泵系统的优化控制策略及热泵机组的负载率分配策略.以 某校园教学楼采暖系统进行算例仿真,结果表明所提出的模型及控制策略能够在满足舒适度要求的基础上,提高 校园地源热泵系统用电能效,降低用电费用. 关键词:电能替代;

地源热泵;

机会约束规划;

随机优化;

PSO Stochastic operational optimal strategy for ground source heat pump system under TOU price CHEN Cheng1 , CHEN Xingying1,

2 , ZHANG Jianzhao1 , YU Kun1,

2 , GAN Lei1,

2 (1. College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China;

2. Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Distribution &

Utilization and Energy Efficiency, Nanjing 211100, China) Abstract: Using ground source heat pump for electric heating brings more social and economic benefits than other heating systems. To improve the energy efficiency of ground source heat pump system, stochastic operational optimal strategy for ground source heat pump system under TOU price is put forward. A method for calculating the thermal load of users is proposed. On this basis, the stochastic operational optimal model of ground source heat pump system is established according to the principle of Chance-Constrained Programming (CCP), which aims to minimize electricity consumption and maximize the thermal comfort. The improved PSO algorithm is used to resolve the model to obtain the optimal control strategy of ground source heat pump system and the load distributive strategy of heat pump units. The analysis of example, a campus heating building heating system, shows that the model and the control strategy proposed in this paper can improve the energy efficiency of electric heating system on campus and lower the cost of electricity consumption without reducing the thermal comfort. This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1766203), National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFB0901100), and Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China Supply and Demand Friendly Interactive System between Urban Customer and Power Grid . Key words: alternative energy;

ground source heat pump;

chance constrained programming;

stochastic optimization;

PSO

0 引言 随着社会经济的快速发展,不合理的能源结构 带来了很多环境问题,温室气体的排放和化石燃料 储备的枯竭迫使人类从可再生能源中产生未来能源 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目资助(U1766203);

国 家重点研发计划资助(2016YFB0901100);

国家电网公司科技 项目资助 城区用户与电网供需友好互动系统 需求[1] .电能替代战略被视为治理能源结构不合理 的重要手段, 煤改电 是电能替代战略重要组成部 分.电采暖作为电能替代在生产生活领域的重要形 式,对于优化能源结构、防治大气污染、解决雾霾 问题起着至关重要的作用[2-4] . 在保证用户需求的前 提下,如何优化电采暖设备的运行方式,以降低用 户用电费用,同时减少高峰期用电,有效降低电网 峰谷差,具有重要的意义. 电采暖的应用在国外出现相对较早,北欧国家 -