PDF《烟嘧磺隆降解菌枯草芽孢杆菌 YB1 颗粒剂的 加工及应用》

? 研究简报 ? DOI: 10.

16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2018.0034 烟嘧磺隆降解菌枯草芽孢杆菌 YB1 颗粒剂的 加工及应用 张哲1 , 杨树森2 , 杨冬臣1 , 张金林*,1 (1. 河北农业大学 植物保护学院,河北 保定 071000;

2. 河北省沽源县小河子乡人民政府,河北 张家口 075000) 摘要:YB1 是从农药厂污水中分离筛选得到的一株对烟嘧磺隆具有较好降解作用的枯草芽孢 杆菌 Bacillus subtilis.为探究 YB1 对土壤中烟嘧磺隆的降解能力,本研究对 YB1 固体发酵产 物进行了颗粒剂加工,并对菌株载体和保护剂进行了筛选.优化后的 YB1 颗粒剂的加工方法 为:将YB1 固体发酵产物与载体活性白土按质量比 1:1 混合,加入质量分数为 3% 的保护剂酪 氨酸和 5% 的淀粉进行挤压造粒,所得颗粒剂的有效活菌数为 8.75*108 CFU/g.以小麦为指示 植物,应用室内盆栽法研究了 YB1 颗粒剂对土壤中烟嘧磺隆的降解效果.结果表明,1 kg 土壤 中添加

20 g YB1 颗粒剂

28 d 后可将土壤中

1 mg/kg 的烟嘧磺隆降解至对小麦无明显药害水 平.研究结果表明,YB1 颗粒剂对含有烟嘧磺隆残留的土壤具有一定的修复能力. 关键词: 烟嘧磺隆;

降解;

枯草芽孢杆菌;

颗粒剂加工;

土壤修复 中图分类号:TQ458.1;

TQ450.63 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1008-7303(2018)02-0254-05 Processing and application of nicosulfuron degrading bacterium Bacillus subtilis YB1 granules ZHANG Zhe1 , YANG Shusen2 , YANG Dongchen1 , ZHANG Jinlin*,1 (1. College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China;

2. People'

s Government, Xiaohezi Township, Guyuan County, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China) Abstract: YB1 is a highly effective nicosulfuron-degrading Bacillus subtilis strain isolated from pesticide factory wastewater. In order to investigate the ability of YB1 to degrade nicosulfuron in the soil, the solid fermentation product of YB1 was used for granules processing, and the vector and protective agent of YB1 were screened during processing. The optimized formula of YB1 granules is as follows: solid fermentation product and activated clay (1:1 mass ratio) were mixed and extruded into granules, with adding tyrosine (mass fraction 3%), and starch (mass fraction 5%). The effective number of viable bacteria of YB1 granules was 8.75*108 CFU/g. In addition, indoor pot experiment method was conducted to study the effect of YB1 granules on the remediation of nicosulfuron in soil, using wheat as a sensitive indicator plant. When the concentration of nicosulfuron was

1 mg/kg and the added granules in the soil were

20 g/kg, the concentration of nicosulfuron decreased to safe-level after

28 d. The results demonstrated that YB1 granules has the ability to remediate the nicosulfuron residue in soil. 农药学学报 2018, 20(2): 254-258 Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science http://nyxxb.alljournal.cn 收稿日期:2017-10-30;

录用日期:2018-03-14. 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目 (31171877);

河北省研究生创新项目 (1009050). 作者简介:张哲,女,在读博士,研究方向为微生物降解农药,E-mail:[email protected];

* 张金林,通信作者 (Author for correspondence),男,博士,教授;

研究方向为天然产物和微生物降解农药,E-mail:[email protected] Keywords: nicosulfuron;

degradation;

Bacillus subtilis;

processing of granules;

soil remediation 烟嘧磺隆属于磺酰脲类除草剂,因具有高 效、低毒且对玉米无害等优点被广泛应用,但烟 嘧磺隆在土壤中不易降解,易对后茬作物如小 麦、白菜等敏感作物造成一定程度的药害[1] .土壤 生物及微生物修复是目前治理环境污染,特别是 农药等化学污染的有效途径之一[2-5] ,其中微生物 菌剂因具有安全、有效、便于培养加工、抗逆性 强等优点而受到广泛关注[6] .季彬等[7] 研究表明, 农用微生物制剂可大大改善农药、化肥及化学制 剂中重金属等对土壤造成的污染,在一定范围内 对受损的土壤具有修复作用.马晓亮等[8] 研究发 现,在土壤中添加粘质沙雷氏菌Serratiamarcecens N80 可以促进土壤中烟嘧磺隆的降解, 当烟嘧磺隆的质量分数为