PDF《氧化铝在碳热还原−氯化法炼铝过程中的行为》

第20 卷第

4 期 中国有色金属学报

2010 年4月Vol.

20 No.4 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Apr.

2010 文章编号:1004-0609(2010)04-0777-07 氧化铝在碳热还原?氯化法炼铝过程中的行为 袁海滨 1, 2,

3 ,冯月斌 1,

2 ,杨斌1,

2 ,郁青春 1,

2 ,徐宝强 1,

2 ,王鹏程 1,

3 ,戴永年 1,

2 (1. 昆明理工大学 真空冶金国家工程实验室,昆明 650093;

2. 昆明理工大学 云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室 冶金与能源工程学院,昆明 650093;

3. 昆明理工大学 材料科学与工程学院,昆明 650093) 摘要:采用 XRD、气相色谱仪、EDS 及质量损失等手段与方法,在不同反应温度、系统压力、添加剂及反应 时间对氧化铝在碳热及氯化过程进行研究.结果表明:碳热与氯化过程生成的气体主要是 CO,含量达 98.4%(质 量分数)以上;

碳热过程在 50~100 Pa、高于

1 693 K 时,Al4O4C 与Al4C3 开始生成,且含量随着温度的升高与保 温时间的延长而增加;

在1Pa 及1773 K 时,Al4O4C 碳热转化为 Al4C3;

分别添加 10%Fe2O3 与10%SiO2(质量分 数),在40~100 Pa、1

803 K、保温 120~150 min 时,可使物料质量损失率达到 26.70%与30.13%,促进碳热过程 向生成 Al4O4C 与Al4C3 方向进行;

温度高于

1 853 K 不利于该反应的进行;

碳热?氯化过程是 Al2O3 与Al4O4C、 Al4C3 及AlCl3 共同反应生成低价氯化铝 AlCl,气态 AlCl 进入低温区歧解得到金属铝. 关键词:氧化铝;

碳热还原;

氯化法;

氯化铝;

真空冶金 中图分类号:TF131;

TF821 文献标志码:A Thermal behavior of alumina in process of carbothermic reduction and chloride to produce aluminum YUAN Hai-bin1, 2,

3 , FENG Yue-bin1,

2 , YANG Bin1,

2 , YU Qing-chun1,

2 , XU Bao-qiang1,

2 , WANG Peng-cheng1,

3 , DAI Yong-nian1,

2 (1.National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;

2. Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;

3. Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China) Abstract: Under conditions of different reaction temperatures, system pressures, additives and reaction time, the carbothermic behaviors and chloride behaviors of Al2O3 were investigated by XRD, gas chromatography, EDS and mass loss method. The results show that the gas forming in the process of carbothermic and chloride process is mainly CO, the content of CO reaches over 98.4%. Al4O4C and Al4C3 begin to generate under the conditions of

1 693 K and 50?100 Pa, and their contents increase with increasing temperature and prolonging reaction time. Under

1 Pa and

1 773 K, Al4O4C will transform into Al4C3. The mass loss rate of reactants reaches as high as 26.70% and 30.13% when added 10%Fe2O3 and 10%SiO2, respectively, under the conditions of

1 803 K, 120?150 min, and 40?100 Pa, which means that Fe2O3 and SiO2 can promote the carbothermic processes to generate Al4O4C and Al4C3, but the temperature over

1 853 K is not beneficial to progress the reaction. AlCl gas forms from AlCl3 reacting with Al2O3, Al4O4C and Al4C3 during alumina carbothermic reduction and chloride process, and AlCl gas disproportionates into Al and AlCl3 at low temperatures. Key words: alumina;

carbothermic reduction;

chlorination;

AlCl;

vacuum metallurgy 基金项目:国家自然科学基金?云南省联合基金重点资助项目(u0837604) 收稿日期:2009-06-05;