PDF《Introduction》

及传染病,例如 「退伍军人症」 和 「增湿器发热 病」 (病徵与感冒相似的一种疾病) 等都是办公室和公众室内场所占用人所患上的 「楼宇相关疾病」 的 常见例子. BRI are clinically diagnosed illnesses which are attributed to causes associated with indoor air pollutants in buildings. Allergic reactions such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by certain species of fungi, and infectious diseases such as Legionnaires'

disease and humidi?er fever (an in?uenza-like illness) are typical examples of BRI in o?ces and public buildings. 常见的室内空气污染物及其来源 Common Indoor Air Pollutants andTheir Sources 室内工作环境可同时存在多种的空气污染物,而最备受关注的主要空气污染物包括: Indoor working environments can contain a variety of air pollutants. Air pollutants of major concern include: 来源 Sources 污染物 Pollutants 建筑材料 Building Materials 石料、水泥 Stone, concrete 木制品、镶面板 Wooden products, veneers 绝缘材料 Insulation materials 阻燃材料 Fire retardants 油漆 Paint 氡气 Radon 甲醛、有机化合物 Formaldehyde, organic compounds 甲醛、玻璃纤维 Formaldehyde, ?breglass 石棉 Asbestos 有机化合物、铅Organic compounds, lead 仪器设备 Equipment and installations 影印机 Photocopiers 通风系统 Ventilation systems 厨房炉灶 Kitchen stoves 臭氧 Ozone 纤维、微生物 Fibres, micro-organisms 一氧化碳和二氧化碳、氮氧化物、有机化合物、尘粒 Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, organic compounds, dust 人类生物 Occupants 新陈代谢 Metabolism 生物活动 Biological activities 二氧化碳、水蒸气、气味 Carbon dioxide, water vapour, odours 微生物 Micro-organisms 人的活动 Human activities 吸烟 Smoking 空气清新剂 Air fresheners 清洁剂 Cleaning agents 一氧化碳、其他化合物、尘粒 Carbon monoxide, other compounds, dust 碳氟化合物、气味 Fluorocarbons, odours 有机化合物、气味 Organic compounds, odours 24118_Sedentary.indd

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6 12年9月20日 上午10:22 12年9月20日 上午10:22 www.oshc.org.hk 改善室内空气质素的方法 How to Improve Indoor Air Quality 改善通风措施 ? 避免将外来空气入口的位置安装在已知的污染 源、污水和冷凝塔附近 ? 防止动物进入外来空气入口的位置和鸟儿在附 近栖息做窝 ? 室内排气出口与空气入口应尽可能距离远些, 排气口应具有一定的高度 ? 室内排气口的方向应与进气口的方向相反 ? 移去阻塞室内回风口的障碍物,避免空调系统 失衡 ? 应定期清洁增湿器、衡温器、风扇、隔尘网、 通风管道和冷凝塔 控制室内污染物源头 ? 选择适当的家具以控制挥发性有机化合物的污染 ? 在室内工作环境禁止吸烟 ? 改用化学强度较低的清洁剂 ? 将影印机重新放置,使其远离一般工作围 ? 室内空气净化系统有助清除空气污染物 ? 定期安排清洁及灭虫工作有助减少尘埃积聚及微生物滋长 Control the Source of Air Pollutants ? Select the appropriate furniture that limits pollutants from volatile organic compounds. ? Prohibit smoking in indoor working environment. ? Use detergents with lower chemical concentration. ? Relocate photocopiers to somewhere which is far away from general operation area. ? Install indoor air puri?cation system which helps remove air pollutants. ? Arrange regular cleaning and pest control works to reduce dust accumulation and micro-organism growth. Ventilation Improvements ? Do not locate air inlets near any known sources of pollution, sewage, or cooling towers. ? Ensure that animals are unable to enter air inlets, and prevent birds from roosting or building nests. ? The distance between exhaust vents and air inlets should be kept as far as possible, and exhaust vents should be located at a certain height. ? Exhaust vents should face in the opposite direction of the fresh air inlets. ? Remove any obstacles that block the indoor return air grille to avoid making the air conditioning system imbalance. ? Humidi?ers, temperature control units, fans, ?lters, ventilation ducts and cooling towers should be regularly cleaned. 24118_Sedentary.indd