PDF《Caustic of FCC Gasoline》

Methods of Harmless Treatment to the Environment and Comprehensive Utilization as a Resource for the Spent Caustic of FCC Gasoline Fenglin Huang1,

2 , Xuang Tang2 , Jurong Liu

2 1.

Department of Energy&

Power Engineering, Xi'

an Jiaotong University, Xi'

an,China 2. Department of Chemistry&

chemical engineering, Xi'

an Shiyou University, Xi'

an ,China E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: There are a great deal of pollutes in the spent caustic of FCC gasoline, in which the sulfides, phenols, naphthenates, oil and the residual free NaOH are hardly to meet the demand of environment protection for production. According to the different origins and concentration of these pollutes, the research and development of reclamation and comprehensive utilization as a resource for the spent caustic of FCC gasoline are reviewed and discussed, and the methods of harmless treatment including neutralization (by sulfuric acid or CO2) and oxidization (directly oxidization by air or oxidization by wet air, and the recovery of different spent caustics that is rich of NaOH, inorganic sulfides, organic sulfides and phenol are compared and analyzed. At last it is concluded that the comprehensive utilization for the spent caustic of FCC gasoline by adsorption oxidization in fixed bed is a promising process, in which the concentration of free NaOH could reach 95.41g/L, the removal rate of inorganic sulfides could reach 99%, the removal rate of COD could be higher than 25%, while the maintenance rate of the volatile phenol could be higher than 90%. Keywords: Spent caustic of FCC gasoline;

regenerant;

regeneration;

reutilization FCC 汽油碱渣无害化处理与资源化综合利用途径 黄风林

1 2 , 唐璇

2 , 刘菊荣

2 1.西安交通大学能动学院,西安,中国,710049 2.西安石油大学化学化工学院, 西安,中国,710065 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 摘要:为满足绿色环保的生产要求,针对碱渣含有硫化物、酚类和环烷酸类钠盐、油及反应残余的 NaOH 等污染物的特点,根据不同来源碱渣特征污染物及其浓度不同的特点,对硫酸法、碳化法等中 和法和直接空气氧化法、湿式空气氧化法等氧化法无害化综合处理 FCC 汽油碱渣工艺以及碱渣中 NaOH、无机硫、有机硫、酚等有用组分的回收利用等碱渣资源化综合利用研究进展进行了评述,固 定床吸附氧化法资源化利用 FCC 汽油碱渣,游离碱度达 95.41g/L,无机硫脱除率 99%,挥发酚保持率 在90%以上,COD 脱除率达到了 25%以上,具有较好的应用前景. 关键词:FCC 汽油碱渣;

再生剂;

再生;

回用

1 前言炼化企业为了满足日益严格的车用燃料和基本 有机化工原料的质量要求,消除石油产品中硫化物、 酚、环烷酸等杂质的影响,常采用碱精制、碱净化等 工艺对产品进行精制,致使生产过程中产生大量碱渣 废液.碱渣废液一般颜色较深,伴有恶臭味,含有较 高浓度的硫化物、酚类和环烷酸类钠盐、油类和反应 残余的游离 NaOH 等污染物,无法直接排入污水处理 场.为了满足石油化工工艺绿色环保及清洁生产的要 求,实现碱渣的无害化、资源化,国内外开展了大量 研究工作,一方面积极探索碱渣的综合治理方法,一 方面寻求碱精制的替代工艺.近年来国内外虽然出 现了一些无碱精制工艺,但由于油品在进行无碱精制 前尚需预碱洗,难以实现碱渣的零排放,而且新的无 碱精制工艺又会产生新的污染物.另外,从各方面综 资助信息:中国石油化工股份有限公司资助项目(502016) 合考虑,许多研究者仍然认为碱精制工艺是最安全、 有效、经济的油品精制工艺[1] .为此,积极探索碱渣 资源化综合利用工艺, 回收、 利用碱渣中的有用组分, 变废为宝,使最终排放物满足环保要求是目前亟待解 决的问题.