编辑: 阿拉蕾 | 2019-07-06 |
11991/yykj.201704003 网络出版地址:http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/23.1191.U.20170428.1041.030.html 超蒸发表面结构应用于 ERVC 增强的初步实验研究 徐辉,匡波,刘鹏飞,唐琪,王凡 上海交通大学?核科学与工程学院,上海?200240 摘????要:为解决大型先进反应堆下封头高热负荷的挑战,通过堆内熔融物滞留(IVR)的严重事故缓解措施,向堆腔注水,实 施压力容器外部冷却(ERVC),使下封头(RPV)的热负荷分布不超过临界热通量(CHF).通过在模拟 ERVC 条件的自然循 环回路上,开展光滑面和开槽面在朝下倾斜表面方位角为 7.5°、37.5°、67.5°和82.5°的沸腾传热与 CHF 的对比实验,发现 在ERVC 的低流速过冷沸腾条件下,由于超蒸发效应,开槽面上沸腾换热显著增强,CHF 得到明显提高,从而初步验证了其 应用于增强 ERVC 热负荷有效性的可行性. 关键词:IVR?ERVC;
开槽面;
超蒸发效应;
沸腾换热;
临界热通量;
严重事故;
RPV;
缓解措施 中图分类号:TL333?文献标志码:A?文章编号:1009?671X(2019)03?0110?06 A preliminary experimental study on the feasibility of ERVC enhancement applying hypervapotron technique XU?Hui,?KUANG?Bo,?LIU?Pengfei,?TANG?Qi,?WANG?Fan School?of?Nuclear?Science?and?Engineering,?Shanghai?Jiaotong?University,?Shanghai?200240,?China Abstract:?In?order?to?solve?the?challenge?of?high?heat?load?on?the?lower?head?of?large-scale?advanced?reactor,?measures are?taken?against?serious?accident?mitigation?of?the?melt?in-vessel?retention?(IVR),?by?injecting?water?into?the?reactor cavity?to?apply?the?external?reactor?vessel?cooling?(ERVC),?so?that?the?heat?load?distribution?of?the?lower?head?(RPV) does?not?exceed?the?critical?heat?flux?(CHF).?A?campaign?of?comparative?boiling?heat?transfer?and?CHF?experiments?on both?downward-facing?grooved?and?smooth?surfaces?with?azimuth?angles?of?7.5°,?37.5°,?67.5°?and?82.5°?were?carried out,?which?is?conducted?on?a?natural?circulation?loop?simulating?ERVC?condition.?It?is?demonstrated?and?revealed?that, under?the?low?flow?rate?subcooled?boiling?condition,?that?boiling?heat?transfer?as?well?as?CHF?on?the?grooved?surface?is obviously?enhanced?due?to?the?hypervapotron?effect.?And?thus?is?the?feasibility?of?improving?the?ERVC?thermal?load effectiveness?applying?hypervapotron?structure?surface?preliminarily?verified. Keywords:?IVR?ERVC;
?grooved?surface;
?hypervapotron?effect;
?boiling?heat?transfer;
?critical?heat?flux;
?severe?accident;
RPV;
?mitigation?measures 为缓解堆芯熔化的严重事故后果,有关设计 提出通过非能动地实施堆腔注水,以自然循环的 冷却水沸腾换热来冷却压力容器下封头 (RPV) 外壁,通过此压力容器外部冷却 (ERVC) 方案,实现 熔融物堆内滞留 (IVR),防止下封头蠕变失效 [1] . 大型先进压水堆实施 IVR?ERVC 的关键挑战之 一就是如何设法增强 RPV 下封头外壁沸腾换热, 并提高其传热限值临界热通量 (CHF).对RPV 进 行表面开槽加工处理就是其中一个可能的选项. 事实上,受热面开槽的超蒸发方案,已用于聚变 堆包层面向等离子体高热负荷的第一壁或偏滤器 外壁的概念设计.若以此作为 ERVC 条件下受热 面沸腾换热及 CHF 的增强措施,也是值得关注与 研究的方案之一 [2?7] . 1????超蒸发效应 超蒸发技术是指在较高热流的沸腾受热面 上垂直于流动方向开出一些槽道,形成肋槽相 间的表面结构;
在过冷的流动沸腾时,允许肋收稿日期:2017?04?07.网络出版日期:2018?04?28. 基金项目:国家科技计划项目 (2011ZX06002-004). 作者简介:徐辉,男,硕士研究生;