PDF《酸化糟朽纸张增湿强研究》

研究论文 ・纸张增湿强・ 作者简介: 张 娟女士,在读 硕士研究生;

研究方向: 纸质 文物保护.

酸化糟朽纸张增湿强研究 张娟祁S鹏 霍一娇 翟倩周亚军 * 李玉虎 ( 陕西师范大学历史文化遗产保护教育部工程研究中心,陕西西安,710062) 摘要: 我国古代的书画艺术源远流长,历代流传下来的作品绚丽多彩,但多数由于年代久远,出 现严重的酸化、糟朽、残破、折条、水渍等,亟待修复与保护.现有古旧字画常见的修复方法为对 其进行重新装裱,装裱过程中酸化糟朽纸张遇水易发生破损,加重其受损.本课题采用磷钨酸、磷 酸溶解于乙醇溶液 ( LC1) 、氢氧化钡甲醇溶液 ( LC2) 作用于通过人工加速老化制备的酸化糟朽纸 张模拟样品,并通过测试采用 LC 试剂处理模拟样品的 pH 值、白度、湿抗张力、湿撕裂度、湿耐破 度等物理强度,证明了 LC 试剂在增加纸张湿强度和脱酸方面的作用,可以有效增加其湿强度,防止 其在修裱过程中产生破损等现象,并可以降低其酸度.实验结果表明 LC 试剂对于古旧书画的揭裱装 裱以及长久保存具有重要意义. 关键词: 装裱;

酸化;

湿强度 中图分类号: K854.

3 文献标识码: A DOI: 10.

11980 /j. issn. 0254-508X. 2017. 04.

006 收稿日期: 2016- 11- 14( 修改稿) 资助基金: 陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金,项 目编号: GK201503001. * 通信作者: 周亚军,博士,讲师;

研究方向: 纸张文物保护. Research on Increasing Wet Strength of the Acidized Rotten Paper ZHANG Juan QI Yun- peng HUO Yi- jiao ZHAI Qian ZHOU Ya- jun* LI Yu- hu ( Engineering Research Center of Historical Cultural Heritage Conservation,Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'

an,Shaanxi Province, 710062) ( * E- mail: 490085904@ qq. com) Abstract: Calligraphy and painting art have a long history in China and the splendid opuses have passed down through the ages,but due to the passage of time,most of them have appeared severe acidification,rotten,broken,folded,water stained,etc. which need to be rebuilt and repaired urgently. At present the common repair method for antique calligraphy and painting is remounting. In the process of remoun- ting,the acidification rotten paper is easy to damage when contacting water. Through several experiments,we found that the wet tear strength of Xuan paper could increase after coating ethanol solution of phosphotungstic acid,phosphoric acid ( LC1) and methanol solution of barium hydroxide ( LC2) . The simulated acidized rotten paper sample was prepared by artificial accelerated aging,on which LC agent was coated, then paper'

s pH, whiteness, wet tensile strength, wet tearing strength and wet bursting strength were tested. The results indicated that LC a- gent not only could increase the wet strength,but also could reduce acidity,prolong the life of paper,which was of great significance for an- tique calligraphy and painting mounting and saving for a long time. Key words: repair;

acidification;

wet strength 装裱是伴随书画传统艺术的发展而产生的传统工 艺,也是一门经久不衰的魅力艺术,距今已有

1700 多年的历史.正是因为有了装裱工艺,历代的书画珍 品才能得到更久远的保藏,这对于保存灿烂的民族文 化遗产、传播人类文明起到了特殊的作用 [1 ] .古旧 字画装裱工艺流程为裁去旧裱、清洗除污、揭心去 命、修补托心、过矾镇墙、覆画上背、整体全色、装 轴上杆等.古旧字画在长期保存过程中,由于其主要 组成材料纤维素老化降解、装裱过程中使用胶矾水 等,导致其严重酸化糟朽.古旧字画揭取过程中使用 热水作为揭取剂,使画心、命纸、覆背纸之间的淀粉 胶黏剂失去粘结性以揭取字画核心部分画心,同时装 裱过 程中使用的淀粉胶黏剂中含有大量的溶剂水[2-4 ] ,古旧字画的纸张由于发生严重的酸化糟朽, 遇水易出现破损等现象,严重影响其原貌和艺术价 值,因此古旧字画在修裱前需要对其进行预加固以增 强其湿强度,避免在修裱过程中对其产生损伤.研究 ・