PDF《Olsen P 评估植物有效磷的有效性》

收稿日期: 2016-02-24 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41261074)和江西省教育厅基金项目(GJJ12605)共同资助.

作者简介: 邵兴华,博士,教授.E-mail:[email protected] 安徽农业大学学报, 2016, 43(4): 557-561 Journal of Anhui Agricultural University [DOI] 10.13610/j.cnki.1672-352x.20160712.018 网络出版时间:2016-7-12 16:46:21 [URL] http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/34.1162.S.20160712.1646.036.html Olsen P 评估植物有效磷的有效性 和土壤 P 吸附参数及它们间的关系 邵兴华,郭连金,张建忠 (上饶师范学院生命科学学院,上饶 334001) 摘要:为了查明 Olsen 法(碳酸氢钠提取态磷)是否适用于酸性土壤有效磷的测定,土壤 P 吸附参数及它们 之间的关系,利用同质地不同磷含量酸性土壤提供了这方面的信息.结果表明,Olsen 法适用于酸性土壤植物有效 磷的测定,Olsen P 与植物磷吸收量表现出极显著相关.磷最大吸附量(Qm)与磷吸附强度(K)显著负相关.土壤缓冲 容量随取样次数增加逐步减少,第3次取样时,土壤缓冲容量高磷处理(P3)>

中磷处理(P2)>

低磷处理(P1)>

无磷处理 (P0),说明随着生长时间增加,作物从土壤带走磷量增加,含磷量低的土壤磷缓冲容量随之降低.Olsen P 与Qm, K 均无显著相关,但土壤磷吸附饱和度、Olsen P 均证实,实验用土壤目前不会因增加施磷量而引发环境问题.磷 吸附参数与 Olsen P 从环境和农业生产需求两方面说明了土壤磷素丰缺状况. 关键词:Olsen P;

磷最大吸附量;

磷吸附强度;

酸性土壤 中图分类号:S153.61 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672?352X (2016)04?0557?05 Assessing the feasibility of Olsen P and P sorption parameters in acidic soil and their relationship SHAO Xinghua, GUO Lianjin, ZHANG Jiangzhong (College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001) Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of bicarbonate-extractable P (Olsen P) on detecting plant available P in acid soil and analyze phosphorus (P) sorption characteristics in soil and their relationships with Olsen P. Results showed that plant available P could be estimated by Olsen P in this acid soil and an extremely sig- nificant correlation between Olsen P and plant available P was observed. Phosphorous sorption was characterized by Langmuir equation summarized by three sorption parameters: P sorption maximum (Qm), P sorption strength (K), and P saturation degree. P adsorption maximum (Qm) had a significant negative correlation with P sorption strength (K). The soil P buffer capacity decreased over time. At the third soil sampling time, P buffer capacity was the highest with the highest P rate (P3) followed by the second P rate (P2), the lowest P rate (P1), and P0 (no P adding) in the 75th day sampling soils. This suggested that adsorption of P by crops may decrease soil buffer capacity due to a lower P content than other soils. Qm and K were not significantly correlated to Olsen P. However, P saturation degree and Olsen P confirmed that an increase of P application could not cause environmental issues. P status in soil can be characterized by P adsorption parameters and Olsen P. Key words: Olsen P;

maximal ads orptio of P;

P sorption strength;

acidic soil 施用磷肥是增加农业产出的关键措施之一,部 分农田由于长期施用磷肥,磷在土壤中累积,已成 为潜在的扩散磷至地上、地下水体的污染源[1] .土 壤径流磷浓度取决于土壤吸附特性,了解土壤磷吸 附特性有助于磷肥管理[2] ,磷肥管理的主要目的在 于保证土壤贮备磷维持在作物正常生长水平,不诱 发、造成非点源污染[3] .利用化学提取法如 Olsen 法可确定土壤磷含量.利用 Olsen 法提取的磷也称 作0.5 mol・L-1 NaHCO3 可提取磷(Olsen P),与其他 化学提取法相比,该法主要提取吸附于土壤矿物表