PDF《中国 GBZ 2.1 与美国 ACGIH 工作场所化学》

职业接触限值;

比较研究 Comparative study on occupational exposure limits of chemical substances in workplace betweent GBZ 2.1 in China and ACGIH in USA LI Wenjie, ZHANG Min, WANG Dan. National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control袁China CDC袁Beijing 100050, China Corresponding author: ZHANG Min渊E鄄mail: [email protected]冤揖Abstract铱Objective To systematically compare occupational exposure limits渊OELs冤in GBZ 2.1 with the ones in TLV鄄CS of ACGIH on quantity, level, procedures of management etc.;

to propose priority chemicals for establishing OELs and suggestions on the revisions of occupational health standards;

to provide basic scientific evidence for the planning and development of occupational health standards. Method Compilation of a database on OELs in GBZ 2.1 and in TLV鄄CS of ACGIH according to types of exposure limits, and comparison of the data in the two systems on the values of exposure limits, quantitative descriptions of specific occupational hazards, legal status, TLV鄄CS setting up principles尧basis尧condition and procedures, key adverse effect, application of carcinogenicity/sensitization/skin notations, adjustment of OELs for unusual work schedules, the concept and application of combined effects, the concept and application of Excursion Limits, the identity of particles, and analysis of the comparison result. Results 渊1冤There are

339 chemical substances ・ 论著 ・

1 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志 圆园14 年1月第

32 卷第

1 期 悦澡蚤灶 允 陨灶凿 匀赠早 韵糟糟怎责 阅蚤泽熏 Jan 圆园14, 灾燥造援32, 晕燥援1 included in GBZ 2.1 and

656 in TLV鄄CS in ACGIH. 渊2冤The number of the chemical substances in GBZ 2.1 with specified OELs but not included in TLV鄄CS of ACGIH is 52;

the chemical substances with OELs in TLV鄄CS of ACGIH but not in GBZ 2.1 are 371. 渊3冤There are

260 chemical substances which have OELs in both GBZ 2.1 and ACGIH and with a total of

302 OELs, among them,

47 OELs are higher and

96 are lower in the GBZ 2.1 than the ones in TLV鄄CS of ACGIH,

81 of them are similar, and

77 are the same in the two. 渊4冤Guidelines on notations of carcinogenicity, sensitization and skin in China need to be developed. 渊5冤Guidelines for adjustment of OELs for unusual work schedules need to be adopted in China. 渊6冤There is still a wide gap between OELs in GBZ 2.1 and in TLV鄄CS of ACGIH in many aspects. The management and approval procedures of China in setting up OELs are more bureaucratic, and the biological plausibility and feasibility aspects should be strengthed. Conclusions 渊1冤Evaluation guidelines on risk assessment on notations of carcinogenicity, sensitization and skin need to be formulated in China. 渊2冤A priority list in setting up OELs in China needs to be determined. Priority needs to be given to review and revision of the OELs which are significantly different from the ones in TLV鄄CS of ACGIH but without support of adequate s........