PDF《热解温度和时间对三种作物残体生物炭 pH 值 及碳氮含量的影...》

热解温度和时间对三种作物残体生物炭 pH 值 及碳氮含量的影响* 张千丰 1,

2 摇 孟摇 军3摇刘居东

1 摇 王光华 1** (1 中国科学院黑土区农业生态重点实验室, 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 哈尔滨 150081;

2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;

3 沈阳农业大学辽宁省生物炭工程技术研究中心, 沈阳 110866) 摘摇 要摇 生物炭的理化性质主要由基质材料和热解条件决定.

本试验以玉米棒芯、大豆秸 秆和水稻颖壳为生物质材料,以马弗炉为热解设备,研究热解温度(

300、

350、

400、

450、500 和550 益)和热解时间(

3、6 和9h)对生物炭产率、pH 和碳氮含量的影响. 结果表明:随着 热解温度的升高和热解时间的增长,生物炭的产率随之降低,pH 随之升高;

玉米棒芯生物 炭和大豆秸秆生物炭碳含量随着热解温度的升高和热解时间的延长增加,但水稻颖壳生物 炭碳含量变化不大;

随着热解温度的升高和热解时间的延长,玉米棒芯生物炭和水稻颖壳 生物炭氮含量变化无规律,但大豆秸秆生物炭氮含量呈降低趋势. 关键词摇 生物炭;

玉米棒芯;

大豆秸秆;

水稻颖壳;

热解;

碳氮含量 中图分类号摇 X712摇 文献标识码摇 A摇 文章编号摇 1000-4890(2013)9-2347-07 Effects of pyrolysis temperature and duration time on pH, carbon and nitrogen contents of biochars produced from three crop residues. ZHANG Qian鄄feng1,2 , MENG Jun3 , LIU Ju鄄dong1 , WANG Guang鄄hua1** (1 Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;

2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;

3 Liaoning Biochar Engineering &

Technol鄄ogy Research Center, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China). Chinese Jour鄄nal of Ecology, 2013, 32(9): 2347-2353. Abstract: The physical and chemical properties of biochar are mainly determined by matrix ma鄄terials and pyrolysis conditions. Taking the corn cob, soybean stalk, and rice husk as test materi鄄als, and by using muffle furnace, this paper studied the effects of pyrolysis temperature (300, 400, 450, 500, and

550 益) and pyrolysis duration (3, 6, and

9 hours) on the biochar yield, its pH, and carbon and nitrogen contents. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature and dura鄄tion, the biochar yield decreased, while the biochar pH increased. The carbon content of the biochar produced from corn cob and soybean stalk increased with the increase of pyrolysis temper鄄ature and duration, while that of the biochar produced from rice husk had less change. The nitro鄄gen content of the biochar produced from soybean stalk decreased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature and duration, while that of the biochar produced from corn cob and rice husk had no regular change. Key words: biochar;

corn cob;

soybean stalk;

rice husk;

pyrolysis;

carbon and nitrogen con鄄tents. *黑龙江省杰出青年科学基金项目(JC201116)、黑龙江省科技攻关 项目( GC12B104 ) 和公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303095)资助. **通讯作者 E鄄mail: wanggh@ neigachrb. ac. cn 收稿日期: 2013鄄02鄄17摇摇接受日期: 2013鄄05鄄30 摇摇生物炭是指生物质原料,包括木材、农作物残 体、动物骨骼、甚至城市垃圾等在无氧或低氧条件 下,经高温裂解形成的炭. 生物炭施入土壤后具有 固碳、减少温室气体排放、改良土壤和提高作物产量 的作用,生物炭研究受到广泛的关注(Zhang et al. , 2010;