PPT《第十一章》

第十一章 政论翻译 Leading-in 政府工作报告report on the work of the government 第十二届全国人民代表大会第三次会议 the Third Session of the 12th National People'

s Congress 中国人民政治协商会议 Chinese People'

s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 科学发展观The scientific outlook on development 给.

..带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges?to?给予财政资助 support financially 过去一年,我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻.全球经济复苏艰难曲折,主要经济体走势分化. 国内经济下行压力持续加大,多重困难和挑战相互交织. Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging. The road to global economic recovery has been rough, with many ups and downs, and the performance of the major economies has been divergent Downward pressure on China'

s economy has continued to mount, and we have faced an array of interwoven difficulties and challenges. 主要内容文体特征 翻译要旨 翻译技巧 翻译练习 文体特征 政论语篇一般包括政论文、社科论著、评论及政治性演说等.政论语篇的文体特点在于:概念抽象,逻辑严密,说理性强;

语言精确,用词一般规范、严谨、庄重;

句法工整,多用长句;

叙述客观,少有感情色彩,但有时含有很浓的政治色彩. 翻译要旨 政论语篇功能: 多属于 信息类语篇 ,强调政策的观点,具有庄严性和规定性.预期译文功能 在译语语境中让译文读者了解原文论述的政策和观点,保证原文政治含义的准确性. 政论语篇翻译主要目的: 达意政论文翻译的特点:语言的简洁、准确、顺畅. 政论文文体与新闻文体的相同点: 都要注意行文的简洁,常要删除一些可有可无的词汇,英语本身很讲究用词简练.政论文与法律文件的相似之处: 都讲究语义、语气的准确性及流畅性(褒贬以及中性词汇的推敲斟酌). 翻译技巧 范畴词的省略一词双义的简练英语语素的简练词义准确褒、贬义的准确词类转换 汉语中范畴类词较多(category words),如 现象 水平 情况 等.这些词本省并没有实质意义,但能保证汉语读上去更加的地道,在汉译英时可以省去不译. 范畴词的省略 ① 科学家与环保人士担心全球变暖的问题.Scientists and environmentalists are concerned about ( the problem of ) global warming.② 必须清除行政管理中的官僚现象.We must clear away ( the phenomena of ) bureaucracy in the administrative management. ③ 我国有十二亿多人口,陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平.China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are less than the world'

s average (level).④ 这件事情对我们的伙伴关系会带来负面影响.It will have negative impact on our ( relations of ) partnership. ⑤ 在国际风云变幻的形势下,我国外交工作进一步开创了新局面,国际地位和影响继续提高.Amid the changes in international relations, China'

s diplomatic work has entered a new stage, and its international status and influence continue to grow.外交工作可译成:diplomacy 汉语中常常会出现语义上的不必要重复,但在英语中可能找到能含两层意义的词汇.选用这样的词汇可以使译文更加精炼.这种简练技巧常体现在汉英动词和名词的相互转换中. 一词双义的简练 ① 我们要推动农产品生产、加工和销售的有机结合.We should integrate the production, processing and marketing of agricultural products. integrate 的语气较强,包括 combine 与 so as to become fully a part of something else . 两层含义.② 建设一支高素质的专业化国家行政管理干部队伍.We should build up a contingent of administrators who are highly competent and professionally specialized. 管理干部不一定译成 administrative/executive cadres/officials , 可简译成 administrator/executives . ③ 本办法所称的土地使用费,是指使用土地资源性质的费用,不包括征地安置费用和基础设施建设费用.原译: For the purpose of these procedures, land use fees means an amount of money paid in consideration of the use of land resources and does not include expenditures for requisition of land, demolition of buildings, resettlement of families and infrastructure construction.改译: The land use fees mentioned in these Procedures refer to the fees for the use of land resource only and do not include expenditures with regard to requisition, demolition, resettlement and infrastructure construction. 英语的动词和动词时态可能包含汉语中的两层含义.英语的名词单、复数也可能相当于汉语的两层语义.汉译英时应注意这种变化,以达到简化的目的. 英语语素的简练 ① 贫富差距不断扩大.The gap between the rich and the poor countries is widening.② 广大共产党员发挥了先锋模范作用.Party members played a vanguard and exemplary role.③ 广大职工要转变就业观念.Workers should change their ideas about employment. 词汇意义往往体现在内涵外延、褒贬意义、语体等特点方面.如果仅根据字面意义对译,肯能导致译文不准确.译者应有意识地注意汉英词汇之间的对应与非对应关系,根据上下文来确定准确的英文表达方式. 词义准确 ① 不解决一系列原则问题,双方贸易无法进一步得到发展.In the absence of the settlement of a series of issues of principle, the business between the two parties can hardly be pushed forward.② 这笔索赔已经拖了好几年了,所涉及的问题很复杂,我真不知道该怎么处理.This claim has been kept outstanding for many years. The problems involved are so complicated that I really don'