PDF《英语课程核心素养之我见》

7. 主题意义(thematic meaning) ,是说话者借助语序、强调手段、信息焦点的安排等 方式来传递的一种意义,例如,We like apples best. Apples are liked best by us. It is apples that we like best.这三个句子的意思虽然相近,但却用于不同的语 境,意思的侧重点并不相同. 强调语境 (context) ? 使用语言与人进行交往时,如果语法混 乱是达不到交流的目的的,然而仅注意 语法形式规则的正确而忽视语言使用规 则也不行. ? 情景、对象、语体 强调语篇 (discourse) ? 哈里斯(Z. S. Harris)指出, 语言并 非是一些杂乱无章的词句,而是由连贯 的篇章形式表现出来的. 语篇指的是 实际的语言单位,是一次交际过程中的 一系列连贯的语段或句子所构成的语言 整体.它可以是对话,也可以是独白, 它既包括书面语,也包括口语. ? 衔接 、连贯、指代、逻辑 ? 题材、文体、篇章结构 语篇的衔接与连贯 ? I have a friend. His father is a teacher. He often goes swimming. I like to play soccer with him. ? I have a friend. His name is Bob Smith. He is a teacher. He teaches English in a primary school in Nanjing. He likes playing soccer. We often play together. 运用修辞篇章结构更加紧凑 ? I have a freind whose name is Bob Smith. He is a teacher teaching English in a primary school in Nanjing. He likes playing soccer, and we often play together. 讲究修辞,运用明喻、暗喻、长短句、复合句、强调、倒装,以及引用名言佳句、谚语、成语等手法. ? 运用连接词衔接语篇,加强语篇的逻辑性和连贯性,如表示因 果关系可用because of, due to, thanks to, as a result等;

表转折关系but, however, rather than, on the contrary, in spite of;

表条件if, as long as, in case, unless;

时间、 顺序firstly, secondly, as soon as, the moment, shortly after, afterwards;

空间in front of, on the left, in the center of, at the side of;

列举first of all, to begin with, next;

举例for example/instance, such as;

递进what'

s more, besides, in addition;

目的so that, in order that;

总结in all, in a word, in conclusion, to sum up等. ? 遣词(word choice) ? 明喻(simile) Villagers died like flies in the disaster. That is as easy as ABC. ? ........